{"id":3243,"date":"2026-10-07T20:11:40","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:11:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/slowlyaspossible.net\/pale-texts\/?p=3243"},"modified":"2026-10-07T20:18:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T11:18:12","slug":"%ea%b0%80%ec%9e%90%eb%b3%b4%eb%8b%a4-%ed%81%b0-%ea%b0%80%ec%9e%90-%ed%97%ac%ea%b0%80-%ed%83%80%ec%9c%8c-%ec%88%98%eb%a6%ac-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/slowlyaspossible.net\/pale-texts\/3243\/","title":{"rendered":"\uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud070 \uac00\uc790 (\ud5ec\uac00 \ud0c0\uc70c-\uc218\ub9ac, 2016)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\uc6d0\ubb38: Helga Tawil-Souri, \u201cGaza as Larger than Life,\u201d in Helga Tawil-Souri and Dina Matar edited, Gaza as Metaphor<\/em>, London, UK: Hurst, 2016<\/a>, pp. 15-27.
\uff0a \uc6d0\uc81c\uc758 \u201cLarger than Life\u201d\ub294 \uc9c1\uc5ed\ud558\uc790\uba74 \u2018\uc0b6\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4\u2019, \u2018\uc2e4\ubb3c\/\ud604\uc2e4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4\u2019\ub294 \ub73b\uc73c\ub85c, \ub300\ub2e8\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ube44\ubc94\ud55c \uac83\uc744 \uac00\ub9ac\ucf1c \uad00\uc6a9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc774\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac00\uc790\uac00 \uc2dc\uacf5\uac04\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ub418\ub294 \uac00\uc790 \uc9c0\uad6c, \uadf8\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uae08 \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc601\uc704\ub418\ub294 \uc0b6\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ud070 \ub9e5\ub77d\uacfc \uc758\ubbf8, \ubbf8\ub798\uc5d0\uc758 \uc5f4\ub9dd \ub4f1\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc778 \ub9d0\ub85c \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubcf8\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubb38\ub9e5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \u2018\uc0b6\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4\u2019 \ud639\uc740 \u2018\uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4\u2019, \u2018\uadf8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ud06c\ub2e4\u2019 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc62e\uacbc\ub2e4. (\uc6d0\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \u201c\uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4larger than Gaza\/itself<\/sup>\u201d\ub77c\ub294 \ud45c\ud604 \ub610\ud55c \uc4f0\uc778\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\uadf8\ub300\uac00 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ub5a0\ub098\uba74\uc11c \ub290\uaf08\ub358 \uc774 \uc54c \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uae30\ubd84, \uadf8 \uc791\uc740 \uae30\ubd84\uc774 \uae4a\uc219\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uac70\uc778\ucc98\ub7fc \uc790\ub77c\ub098\uc57c \ud558\ub124. \ucee4\uc838\uc57c\ub9cc \ud558\ub124. \uc790\ub124\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc5ec\uae30 \ubabb\ub09c \ud328\ubc30\uc758 \uc794\ud574 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\uc57c \ud558\ub124 [\u2026]
\uac00\uc0b0 \uce74\ub098\ud30c\ub2c8, \u300c\uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc628 \ud3b8\uc9c0\u300d[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\uc800 \uae4a\uc740 \uacf3\uc758 \uac70\uc778<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\uc5d0\ub294 \uac70\uc758 \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uba85\uc774 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4 \u2014 \uc81c\uac01\uae30 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc0b6\uacfc \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\ucc28 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uac1c\uc758 \uafc8, \uc778\uc0dd\uc0ac, \uc695\ub9dd, \ub450\ub824\uc6c0. \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uac1c\uc758 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \uc9c0\ubb38\uacfc \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uc30d\uc758 \ub208, \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uac1c\uc758 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \uc5b5\uc591. \uc881\ub514 \uc881\uc740 \ub545\uc5d0\uc11c \ub118\uccd0 \ud750\ub974\ub294 \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uac1c\uc758 \uc131\uaca9. \ubb3c\uc790 \ubd80\uc871\uacfc \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \uac15\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \ub370 \uad74\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ud558\ub098 \ud558\ub098 \uc81c \uae38\uc744 \uc5f0\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8\uc800 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc0b6\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc0b6\uc744 \uac70\uc758 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \ub54c\ub85c\ub294 \ubc88\uc131\ud558\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\uc724\uc744 \uc887\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uac00\ub4e4, \ubbf8\uc220\uac00\ub4e4, \ubb34\uc6a9\uc218\ub4e4, \ub9c8\ub77c\ud1a4 \uc120\uc218\ub4e4, \uc11c\ud37c\ub4e4, \uc694\ub9ac\uc0ac\ub4e4, \uc81c\ube75\uc0ac\ub4e4, \ubc88\uc5ed\uac00\ub4e4, \uac15\ub3c4\ub4e4, \ubc94\uc8c4\uc790\ub4e4, \uc5f0\uc778\ub4e4, \uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4, \ubaa9\uc0ac\ub4e4, \uc0ac\uc9c4\uac00\ub4e4\uc774, \uc5f0 \ub0a0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774, \uc57c\uc2ec\ucc2c \uc758\uc0ac\ub4e4\uacfc \ucc44\uc2dd\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774\ubc31 \ub9cc \uac1c\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874\uacfc \ucc3d\uc870\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc744 \uac00\ub85c\ub9c9\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uba74 \ub300\ub2e8\ud55c \uc77c\uc774\ub2e4. \ub9e4\uc77c\uc758 \uc9c0\ub7b5\uacfc \uc784\uc2dc\ubcc0\ud1b5\uc774 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ud0a4\uc6b4\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc5f4\uc758\ub85c \uac00\ub4dd\ud558\ub2e4. \ubc30\uc6b0\ub824\ub294, \ub9e4\uc77c \uc7a0\uc5d0\uc11c \uae68\ub824\ub294, \uc2dc\uad81\ucc3d \uac19\uc740 \uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2f0\ub04c\ub9cc\ud55c \uba40\uca61\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4 \ucc3e\uc544\ub0b4\ub824\ub294, \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \u2014 \uadf8\uc800 \uc0b4\uc544\ub0a8\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc0ac\ub791\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub4e0 \ud639\uc740 \uc2f8\uc6c0\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub4e0 \u2014 \uc560\uc4f0\ub824\ub294 \uc5f4\uc758\ub85c. \uadf8 \ub610\ud55c \uc7a5\ub300\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac70\uc758 \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uac1c\uc758 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub2e4. \uc81c\ud55c\ub41c \uc790\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc6a9\ucf00 \uae38\uc744 \ucc3e\uace0 \ubc15\ud0c8\uacfc \ud3ed\ub825\uacfc \uc804\uc7c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ub418\ub294 \uc0b6\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c\ub4e0 \uc774\uc5b4\uac00\ub294 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \ub048\uae30\uc640 \uacb0\uc758\ub97c \uc2e4\ucc9c\ud558\ub294, \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ud55c \ud574\ub3c4 \uac70\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ub0a0\uc774\uba74 \ub0a0\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uadf8\ub9ac \ud558\ub294, \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uac00\uc9c0 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774\ub2e4. \ub54c\ub85c\ub294 \uc81c\uc815\uc2e0\uc744 \ub193\uac8c \ub418\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294, \ub54c\ub85c\ub294 \uad76\uc8fc\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5bc\uc5b4\uc8fd\uace0 \ud314\ub2e4\ub9ac\ub97c \uc798\ub9ac\uac70\ub098 \ud3ed\uaca9 \ub2f9\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub9c8\ube44 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ube60\uc9c0\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \ub73b\uc784\uc744 \ubd80\uc815\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub610\ud55c \uc794\ud574\ub97c \uac77\uace0 \uc0c8\ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\ub294 \ubc95\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc794\ud574\ub97c \ud30c\ucfe0\ub974 \uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\ub294[2]<\/a><\/sup> \ubc95\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ud06c\ub098\ud070 \uc0b6\uc5d0\uc758 \uc758\uc9c0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc800 \uc0b4\uc544\ub0a8\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc7ac\ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc2dd\uc77c \ub54c\uac00 \ub9ce\uae30\ub294 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubb34\uc5b8\uac00\ub97c \ucc3d\uc870\ud560 \ub54c\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc790\ud22c\ub9ac\ucc9c\uc744, UNRWA \uce94\ubc84\uc2a4\ubc31\uc758 \ud478\ub974\uace0 \ud770 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc744, \ud3d0\uc2dd\uc6a9\uc720\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574 \uc637\uc744, \uc9d1\uc758 \u2018\ubcbd\u2019\uc744, \uac1c\uc870 \uc5d4\uc9c4\uc5d0 \uc4f8 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ubc95\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b4\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc785\uc5d0 \uce58\uc57d\uc744 \ud55c\uac00\ub4dd \ubb38 \ucc44 \ucc3d\ubb38 \ub4a4 \ud639\uc740 \ucee4\ud2bc \ub4a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud6d4\uccd0\ubcf4\ub294 \uaf2c\ub9c8 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \ud654\uc7a5\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud0d3, \uc774\ub97c \ub2e6\uc744 \u2018\uc54c\ub9de\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\u2019\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud0d3, \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc11c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc77c\uc744 \ud558\uba70 \uc0ac\ub294 \ud0d3\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uadf8\ub54c \uadf8\ub54c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub300\ub85c \ud574\uc57c \ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc14\uae65\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uadf8\uc800 \ud639\uc740 \ud0c0\uace0\ub098\uae30\ub97c \ud3ed\ub825\uc801\uc774\ub77c \uc5ec\uaca8\uc9c0\ub294 \uc77c\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ucc3d\uc758\uc801\uc778, \uc810\ub839\uacfc \uc9d1\ub2e8 \uc218\ub2e8\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uace0\uc555\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ud3ed\ub825\uc5d0 \uc800\ud56d\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub530\ub978 \ud544\uc5f0\uc801\uc778 \uacb0\uacfc\ub2e4. \ub545\uad74\ub3c4, \uce74\uc0bc \ubbf8\uc0ac\uc77c\ub3c4, \uc6f9\uc0ac\uc774\ud2b8 \ud574\ud0b9\ub3c4, \uc57d\ubb3c \ubc00\uc218\ub3c4. \ud30c\ucfe0\ub974 \uacf5\uc5f0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud558\ub4ef, \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub3cc\uc544\uac00\uace0 \uac00\ub85c\uc9c0\ub974\uace0 \ud1b5\uacfc\ud558\uace0 \ud0c0\uace0\ub118\uace0 \ud30c\uace0\ub4dc\ub294 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\ud615\uc9c0\ubb3c\uc744 \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uace0 \uc8fc\uc704\ud658\uacbd\uacfc \ub300\uba74\ud558\ub294 \ubc95\uc744 \ubc30\uc6cc\ub098\uac04\ub2e4. \ud559\uad50\uac00 \ub300\ud53c\uc18c\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ud5c8\ubb3c\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc815\ucc29\ucd0c\uc774 \uc744\uc528\ub144\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \ub180\uc774\ud130\uac00, \uace0\ub41c \ub098\ub0a0\uc744 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uacf3\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uac70\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\ud130\ub137 \uce74\ud398\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ub180\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc2dc\uc704 \ud589\uc9c4\uc7a5\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uadf8 \ubb34\uc5c7\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub0e5 \ubc84\ub824\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uadf8\ub0a0 \uadf8\ub0a0 \ub418\ub294 \ub300\ub85c \ud560 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \uacc4\ud68d\ud574\uc57c\ub9cc \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc804\uae30, \uc2dd\ub7c9, \ubb3c\uc774 \uc788\uc744\uc9c0 \uc5c6\uc744\uc9c0, \ud559\uad50 \uce5c\uad6c\ub098 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc774 \ub0b4\uc77c \uc0b4\uc544\uc788\uc744\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2d0\uc9c0 \uacb0\ucf54 \ud655\uc2e0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac70\uc758 \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uba85\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \u2014 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \uc5c6\uace0 \ub0a1\uc558\ub300\ub3c4 \u2014 \uae30\uc220\uc801, \uc790\uc5f0\uc801, \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc801 \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294, \uc18c\ub9ac \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0dd\uba85\ub825\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uac00, \ub300\ud559\uc774, \ubb38\ud654 \ud5c8\ube0c\uac00, \uacbd\ucc30\uc11c\uac00, \uac10\uc625\uc774, \uacfc\uc218\uc6d0\uc774, \uacf5\uc7a5\uc774, \uc778\uc1c4\uc18c\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc904\uace7 \uae00\uc744, \uc2dc\ub97c, \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc744 \uc3df\uc544\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc0c1\ub2f9 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \uc9c0\ub09c \uc218\uc2ed \ub144\uac04 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \ubb38\ud559, \ubbf8\uc220\uc758 \uae30\ud48d\uc758 \uadfc\uac04\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadf8 \uae30\ud48d\uc774\ub780, \uadf8 \uac70\ub300\ud568\uc774\ub780, \u2018\uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uc0b6\u2019\uc774 \uac70\uc758 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc870\uac74 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uace0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc774 \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5b4\ub9b0 \uc18c\ub140\uac00 \uc778\uc2a4\ud0c0\uadf8\ub7a8\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc9c \uba85\ub3c4 \ub118\ub294 \ud314\ub85c\uc5b4\ub97c \ubaa8\uc740\ub2e4.[3]<\/a><\/sup> \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc2dc\uc801, \ubbf8\uc220\uc801 \ud615\uc2dd\ub4e4\uc774 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud574 \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \ubc88\uc5ed\ub418\uace0[4]<\/a><\/sup> \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \ub35c \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \ucc44 \uac00\uc871\uc774\ub098 \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4\ub07c\ub9ac \ub3cc\ub824 \ubcf8\ub2e4.[5]<\/a><\/sup> \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc138\uc0c1\uacfc, \uc138\uc0c1\uc740 \uac00\uc790\uc640 \ub2e8\uc808\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ucd5c\uc2e0 \uc720\ud589\uc744 \ub530\ub77c\uc7a1\uace0 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc5d0 \ub4dc\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uace0 \uc800\ub9cc\uc758 \ud48d\uc790\ub97c \ucc3d\uc791\ud558\ub824 \uc560\uc4f4\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ub418\uae30\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud55c\ub2e4. 2014\ub144 \uc804\uc7c1\uc758 \ud55c\uac00\uc6b4\ub370\uc5d0\uc11c \ud569\uc911\uad6d \uc804\uc5ed\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774, \uc774\uc73d\uace0 \uc138\uacc4 \uacf3\uacf3\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \ub8e8\uac8c\ub9ad\ubcd1 \uc758\uc2dd \uc81c\uace0\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc81c \ubab8\uc5d0 \uc5bc\uc74c\uc744 \ub07c\uc5b9\ub294 \uc601\uc0c1\uc744 \ucc0d\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc5b8\ub860\uc774 \uc544\uc774\ub9cc \uc54c\ub8f0Ayman Aloul<\/sup>\uc774 \uc601\uc0c1\uc744 \ucc0d\uc5b4 \uc720\ud29c\ube0c\uc5d0 \uc62c\ub838\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub294 \ud3d0\ud5c8\uc758 \uc794\ud574\ub97c \uc3df\uc544 \ubd80\uc73c\uba70 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \u2018\ub3cc\ubb34\ub354\uae30 \ucc4c\ub9b0\uc9c0rubble challenge<\/sup>\u2019\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub800\ub2e4 \u2014 \uac00\uc790 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4\uac00 \ud3ed\uaca9\uc744 \ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub370 \ub300\ud55c \uc758\uc2dd \uc81c\uace0\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.[6]<\/a><\/sup> \uc138\uacc4 \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud37c\ub810 \uc70c\ub9ac\uc5c4\uc2a4\uc758 \u3008\ud574\ud53cHappy<\/sup>\u3009 \ubba4\uc9c1 \ube44\ub514\uc624\ub97c \ud604\uc9c0 \ubc84\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \ucc0d\uc5b4 \uc62c\ub9b4 \ub54c \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uba87\uba87\uc774 \ub3d9\ucc38\ud588\ub2e4.[7]<\/a><\/sup> \uc7a5-\ud074\ub85c\ub4dc \ubc18\ub2f4\uc774 \ud6c4\uc9c4\ud558\ub294 \ubcfc\ubcf4 \ud2b8\ub7ed \ub450 \ub300\uc5d0 \uac78\uce5c \u2018\uad81\uadf9\uc758 \ub2e4\ub9ac\ucc22\uae30\u2019\ub85c \uadfc\uc721\uc744 \uc790\ub791\ud558\ub294 \uad11\uace0\uc758 \ud328\ub7ec\ub514 \uc601\uc0c1\ub4e4\uc774 \ub098\uc624\uc790 \uae08\uc138 \uac00\uc790 \ubc84\uc804\ub3c4 \ub098\uc654\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ubbf8\ub294 \ucc28 \ub450 \ub300\uc5d0 \uac78\uce5c \ub2e4\ub9ac\ucc22\uae30\uc600\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\uac00 \uc5c6\uc744 \ub54c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc73c\ub2c8\uae4c.[8]<\/a><\/sup> \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9d0\uc744 \uac74\ub2e4 \u2014 \uc885\uc885 \ubfcc\ub9ac \uae4a\uc740 \uc720\uba38\uc640 \uc544\uc774\ub7ec\ub2c8\ud55c \uc7ac\uce58\ub85c. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294, \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \uc18c\uc74c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc57c, \uacbd\uccad\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub054\ucc0d\ud558\ub9ac\ub9cc\uce58 \uc2dc\ub044\ub7ec\uc6cc\uc9c0\uace4 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc27c\uc5c6\uc774 \uc719\uc719\ub300\ub294 \uc790\ub098\ub098zannana<\/sup>,[9]<\/a><\/sup> \uad49\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ub984\uc744 \ucc22\ub294 F-16\uae30, \ucff5\ucff5\ub300\ub294 \uc544\ud30c\uce58 \ud5ec\uae30, \ubc1c\uc744 \uad6c\ub974\ub294 \ub2f5\ucf00 \ubb34\uc6a9\uc218\ub4e4, \uae30\ub3c4 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc54c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc18c\ub9ac, \uacbd\uc801\uc744 \ub20c\ub7ec\ub300\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28\uc640 \uc804\uae30\uc790\uc804\uac70, \ud79d\ud79d\ub300\ub294 \ub2f9\ub098\uadc0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc9c0\ub974\uace0 \uc9c4\ucc3d\uc744 \ucca0\ubc85\uac70\ub9ac\uace0 \uae86\uae86\uac70\ub9ac\uace0 \ub9d0\uc2f8\uc6c0\uc744 \ubc8c\uc774\uace0 \ub084\ub084\uac70\ub9ac\uace0 \uc6b8\uace0 \ub180\uace0 \uc18d\uc0ad\uc774\uba70 \ub05d\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac16\uac00\uc9c0 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub0b4\ub294 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4 \u2014 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc815\ub9d0 \ub9ce\uc740<\/strong> \uc544\uc774\ub4e4! \u2014 \uae4c\uc9c0. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ubb38\uac04\uc5d0 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 \uc758\uc790\ub97c \uaebc\ub0b4 \ub193\uace0 \uc549\uc740 \uc774\uc6c3\ub4e4, \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4, \uac00\uc871\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ub0a0\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc2e0\uc2e4\ud55c \ud1a0\ub860\uc774\ub2e4. \uc12c\uc138\ud55c \ud0c0\uc774\ubc0d\uc73c\ub85c \uaecd\uc9c8 \ubc97\uae34 \ub9c8\ub298\uc744 \ub2e4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc9d1\ub514\uc57czibdiya<\/sup> \uc808\uad6c\uc9c8 \uc18c\ub9ac, \ucc44\uc36c \uac00\uc9c0 \ud280\uae30\ub294 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ud6c4\ub450\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc624\ub294 \u062c(g) \uc18c\ub9ac\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc804\ud22c\uae30\uc758 \ubc30\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc624\ub294 \ud3ed\ud0c4\uc774 \uc18d\uc0ad\uc774\ub294 \ud718\ud30c\ub78c\uc744 \ub4e4\uc740 \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc758 \uc228\uc774 \ub9c9\ud788\ub294 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uad70\uc0ac \uae30\uc220\uacfc \uc800\ud56d \uc804\uc0ac\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \ud3ec\ud6a8\ub97c, \ud639\uc740 \ub3cc\uc544\ub2e4\ub2c8\ub294 \uae30\uacc4\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3ec\ud6a8 \u2014 D-9 \ubd88\ub3c4\uc800, \ub18d\ubd80\uc758 \ud2b8\ub799\ud130, \ud074\ub77c\uc2e0klashin<\/sup>,[10]<\/a><\/sup> \ud3ed\uaca9\uae30, \uac10\uc2dc\uc6a9 \ub4dc\ub860, \ube4c\ub529 \ubc1c\uc804\uae30, \uc9d1\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub4e0 \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub85c \ub2ec\ub9ac\ub294 \ud0dd\uc2dc, \ud734\ub300\uc804\ud654 \ubc30\ud130\ub9ac \uace0\uac08 \uacbd\uace0\uc74c \u2014 \ub97c \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\ub294 \ubc95\uc744 \ubcf8\ub2a5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc548\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc2dc\ub04c\ubc85\uc801\ud55c \uad11\uc7a5\uc774\uace0 \uace8\ubaa9\uae38\uc774\ub2e4. \ud55c\ub0a0\uc5d0 \uacb0\ud63c\uc2dd\uc774 \uc5f4\ub9ac\uace0 \uc7a5\ub840 \ud589\ub82c\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uace0 \uacbd\ucc30\uc774 \ud589\uad70\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \ucd95\uad6c\ub97c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ubc15\uc218\ub97c \uce58\uace0 \ud638\uac01\uc744 \ubd88\uace0 \ubc1c\uc744 \uad6c\ub974\uace0 \ub178\ub798\ud558\uace0 \uad6c\ud638\ub97c \uc678\uce58\uace0 \uae30\ub3c4\ud558\uace0 \uc6b8\uace0 \uc18c\ub9ac\uc9c0\ub978\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac10\uac01\uc744 \ud55c\uaecf \uc790\uadf9\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub180\ub78d\ub3c4\ub85d \ub2e4\ucc44\ub86d\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\ud53c\ud2f0,[11]<\/a><\/sup> \ubcbd\ud654, \ucee4\ud2bc \ub300\uc2e0 \ud639\uc740 \ubc29\uc744 \ub098\ub204\ub824 \uac78\uc5b4\ub454 \ud3f4\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc2a4\ud14c\ub974 \ub2f4\uc694, \ucf1c\ucf1c\uc774 \uc313\uc778 \ub179, \ud654\uc0ac\ud55c \uc720\uce58\uc6d0. \uc791\uc740 \ubc30, \uc5b4\ub9dd, \ubc14\ub2e4\uccd0 \ube44\uccd0 \ucda4\ucd94\ub294 \ud574\ubb34\ub9ac, \ud68c\ubc15\uc8fd \ubcbd\uacfc \uc720\ub9ac\ucc3d\uc744 \ube44\ucd94\ub294 \uc11d\uba85\ud55c \uc11d\uc591\ube5b. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0dd\uae30\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud3d0\ud5c8\uc640 \uc794\ud574\ub85c \uac00\ub4dd\ud558\ub2e4. \uc218\ubc31 \ub144 \ub41c \ub3cc\uacb0 \uc9c4 \ub300\ub9ac\uc11d, \uc804\ud1b5 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud55c \ub9d8\ub8e8\ud06cMamluk<\/sup> \ubaa8\uc2a4\ud06c\uc758 \uc11d\ubcbd, \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \uc815\uad50\ud68c\ub4e4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud558\ub298\uc0c9, \uc625\uc0c9 \uc774\ucf58. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uc9c0\ub09c \ubc88 \ud3ed\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \ub0b4\ub824\uc549\uc740 \uc7bf\ube5b \uc794\ud574\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\uba85\uc744 \uc9c0\ub974\ub294 \ubd84\ud64d\uc0c9, \ucd08\ub85d\uc0c9, \ud30c\ub780\uc0c9 \uc637\uac00\uc9c0\uc640 \ucc45. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\ub294 \uac16\uac00\uc9c0 \ud5a5\uacfc \ub9db\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uacfc\uc999 \ub118\uce58\ub294 \ud1a0\ub9c8\ud1a0, \ub9e4\uc6b4 \ub9db \uc0d0\ub7ec\ub4dc, \uc5b4\ucc14\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \uc544\ub974\uae38\ub808argileh<\/sup> \ubb3c\ub2f4\ubc30 \uc5f0\uae30, \uc369\uc5b4\uac00\ub294 \uc4f0\ub808\uae30, \ub9d0 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uac70\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub5a0\ub2e4\ub2c8\ub294 \ub625, \ube44\ub9cc \uc624\uba74 \ub118\uce58\ub294 \ud558\uc218\uad6c, \uc0c8\ub85c \uc9e0 \uc2e0\uc120\ud55c \uc62c\ub9ac\ube0c\uc720, \uc2dc\uc7a5 \ub9e4\ub300\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ub77c\uac00\ub294 \uc0dd\uc120, \ud034\ud034\ud55c \uacbd\uc720, \uc218\ubc15, \ub2ec\ucf64\ud55c \uc138\uc774\uc9c0 \ucc28, \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ub540. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ucd08\ub85d\uc0c9 \ub208\uc5d0 \uae08\ubc1c\uc778, \ub2e4\ud06c\ucd08\ucf5c\ub9bf \uac19\uc740 \uac08\uc0c9 \ud53c\ubd80\uc778, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc774 \uac16\uac00\uc9c0 \uc0c9\uc778 \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \ub2e4\uc815\ud55c \ubaa9\uc18c\ub9ac\uc640 \ud65c\uc9dd \uc6c3\ub294 \ubc1d\uc740 \ubbf8\uc18c\ub85c \uac00\ub4dd\ud558\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub0a8\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \ube5b\ub098\ub294 \ub208\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc18c\ub9e4\ub97c \uac77\uc5b4 \uc62c\ub9b0 \ud314\ub69d, \uad6c\ub984 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub5a0 \uc788\ub294 \ub4ef \uc628\ud654\ud558\uace0 \ubd80\ub4dc\ub7ec\uc6b0\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uacb0\uc5f0\ud788 \uc628 \ubbfc\uc871\uc744 \ub5a0\ubc1b\uce58\ub294 \ud314\ub69d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubfdc\uc5b4\uc838 \ub098\uc628\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac80\uc740\uc0c9, \uae08\uc0c9 \ud1a0\ube0cthob<\/sup>\ub97c \uc785\uc740 \ub098\uc774 \ub4e0 \ubca0\ub450\uc778 \uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5bc\uad74\uc5d0 \uc9c4 \uc8fc\ub984\uc5d0 \uc0c8\uaca8\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\uc758 \uac70\ub300\ud568\uc740 \ud558\uc5fc\uc5c6\uc774 \ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc778\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uae43\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc624\ub974\ub294 \ub664\uc57d\ubcd5 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c UNRWA \ucfe0\ud3f0\uc744, \uac80\ubb38\uc744, \uad6d\uacbd \ud1b5\uacfc\ub97c, \uc720\uc778\ubb3c\uc744, \ud734\uc804 \uc911\uc758 \ube75 \ud55c \ub369\uc774\ub97c, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0 \ud560\uba38\ub2c8\uc758 \ubc1c \uc544\ub798\uc5d0\uc11c \ub72f\uaca8\ub098\uac04 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uadc0\ud658\uc744 \uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\ub294 \uae30\ub098\uae34 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0. \uc644\ucda9\uc9c0\ub300\uc640 \ubb34\uc778\uc9c0\ub300 \uac74\ub108\ud3b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ub108\ubb34 \uc9dc\uc11c \uc5b4\ub514\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc4f8 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \ubb3c \uba87 \ubc29\uc6b8\ub9cc \ub0a8\uaca8\uc8fc\uace0\ub294 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c\uc640 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc624\uc9c1 \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\ub9cc\uc774 \uc0ac\ub9c9\uc5d0 \uaf43\uc744 \ud53c\uc6b8 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc99d\uba85\ud558\ub824 \uc560\uc4f0\ub290\ub77c \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc758 \uc9c0\ud558\uc218\ub97c \ubaa8\uc870\ub9ac \ube68\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uae30\ub97c \uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0 \ub4dc\ub294 \uc778\ub0b4\uc2ec\uc5d0 \uae43\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uac70\ub300\ud568\uc740 \ub290\ub2f7\uc5c6\ub294, \ubb3c\ub860 \uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294, \ud3ed\ud48d\uc6b0\uc758 \uc640\uc911\uc5d0 \u2014 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc644\ucda9\uc9c0\ub300 \ub108\uba38\uc758 \uce58\ub4e4\uc774 \ube44\uac00 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc624\uc790 \uc218\ubb38\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4\ubc84\ub9b0 \ud0d3\uc5d0 \u2014 \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc758 \uc9d1\uc73c\ub85c \uc3df\uc544\uc838 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc624\ub294 3\ubbf8\ud130 \uae4a\uc774\uc758 \ud64d\uc218\uc5d0 \ub300\ucc98\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub294 \uc778\ub0b4\uc2ec\uc5d0, \uacb0\uc758\uc5d0, \uc751\uae09 \uc870\uce58\uc5d0 \uae43\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc815\ucc29\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc640\uc11c, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \ubcd1\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub4dd\uc2e4\uac70\ub9ac\uba70 \ub2e4\ub2d0 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub09c\ubbfc\ucd0c \uace8\ubaa9\uc744 \ud655\uc7a5\ud574\uc57c \ud574\uc11c,[12]<\/a><\/sup> \ub2f9\uc2e0 \uc9d1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ud544\ub77c\ub378\ud53c \ud68c\ub791\uc774[13]<\/a><\/sup> \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc11c, \ud658\uc911\uc9c0\ub300\ub97c \ub113\ud600\uc57c \ud574\uc11c, \ud639\uc740 \uadf8\uc800 \uadf8\ub0e5, \uc9d1\uc744 \ud55c \ubc88\ub3c4 \ub450 \ubc88\ub3c4 \uc138 \ubc88\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uace0 \uc218\uc2ed \ubc88\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc9d3\ub294\ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc9d1\uc694\ud568\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774\ub7f0 \ub958\uc758 \uc778\ub0b4\uc640 \uacb0\uc758\ub294 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc790\uc801\uc778 \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5f0\ub300, \uc6b0\uc815, \uc885\uad50\uc801, \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub4e4, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub4e4\uacfc \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \ubbf8\ub798\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubbff\uc74c\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc6c5\ub300\ud558\uace0 \ud6c4\ud55c \ub048\uae30\ub2e4. \ubd09\uc1c4\uc640 \uc2dd\ub7c9 \ubd80\uc871, \ub2e8\uc804\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uac00\uaca9\uc744 \uc62c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc81c\ube75\uc0ac\ub4e4\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774\ub7f0 \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc9c4 \uac83\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774\ub4e0 \uc81cher<\/sup> \uc8fc\uc704\uc758 \uc774\ub4e4\uacfc \ub098\ub204\ub294 \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uc774\ub2e4. \uc544\ubb34\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc548 \uc88b\uc544\ub3c4 \uc190\ub2d8\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \u2014 \uba39\uc744 \uac83\uc744, \uc774\ubd88\uc744, \ucc28\ub97c, \uc790\ub9ac\ub97c, \ud639\uc740 \ub300\ud654\ub97c \u2014 \ubd80\uc871\ud568 \uc5c6\uc774 \ub0b4\uc5b4\uc8fc\ub294 \ud6c4\ud568\uc774\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub798\ubc14\ub78c \ubd80\ub294 \ubb34\ub354\uc704 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4, \uc9d1\uc774 \ubb34\ub108\uc84c\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub3c4, \uc885\uad50\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uc815\uce58\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \ubbfc\uc871\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc190\ub2d8\uc774\ub4e0 \ub9d0\uc77b\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc790\uc6d0\uc774 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub3c4, \ucd94\ubc29\uacfc \uc810\ub839\uacfc \ud3ed\ub825\uacfc \uc0c1\uc2e4\uc774 \ucd08\ub798\ud558\ub294 \ud63c\ub780 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4, \uc774\ubc31\ub9cc \uba85\uc774 \uadf8\uc800 \ucee4\uc838\ub9cc \uac00\ub294 \ub048\uae30\ub97c \ub118\uce58\ub3c4\ub85d \ud589\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ucabc\uadf8\ub77c\ub4e4\uac8c \ud558\uace0 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc88c\uc808 \uc2dc\ud0a4\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\uac00 \ub04a\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub370\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud558\ub2c8 \ub354\ub354\uc6b1 \uc778\uc0c1\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874\ubc95\uc740 \uc544\ub08c \uc5c6\uc774 \ub0b4\uc5b4\uc8fc\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba70 \uac00\uc790 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0dd\uc758 \uac10\uac01\uc740 \ud488\uc774 \ub113\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0b6\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \uc0dd\uc5d0\uc758 \uc758\uc9c0\uac00 \uc5b4\ub9c8\uc5b4\ub9c8\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud558\ub8e8\ud558\ub8e8 \uc0dd\uc874\ud558\ub294 \uac15\uc778\ud568\uc774 \uadf8\uc57c\ub9d0\ub85c \ub9c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc7a1\uc544\ub04c\uae30\uc5d0, \ub10b\uc774 \uc0ac\ub85c\uc7a1\ud790 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc801 \ud22c\uc7c1, \uc2e0\ud654\uc801\uc778 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ud22c\uc7c1\uc744 \ud558\uae30\uc5d0. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0b6\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ubd88\uba78\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5f0\uc2e0 \ub9d0\ud558\uae30\uc5d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0d8\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb3c\uc744 \ub9c8\uc2dc\uba74 \ud639\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubca4\uce58\uc5d0 \uc549\uc73c\uba74 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc5d0 \ub610 \uc624\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2dd\uc758 \uc804\uc124 \uac19\uc740 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ud488\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uacf3\uc740 \uc138\uacc4 \ub3c4\ucc98\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub77c\uc608\ubcf4\ub098 \ub85c\ub9c8, \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818 \uac19\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4\uc740 \ub108\ubb34\ub098\ub3c4 \ub9e4\ub825\uc801\uc774\ub77c \ud55c \ubc88\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \ub9e4\ub825\uc744 \ub290\uaef4\ubcf4\uba74 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ub610 \uac00\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4\uace0\ub4e4 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub807\ub2e4. \ub354\ud558\ub2e4. \uc778\uad6c 3\/4 \uac00\ub7c9\uc5d0\uac8c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6d0\ub798\uc758 \ucd9c\uc2e0\uc9c0\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uae30\uc5d0. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc774 \ucc29\ub959\ud560 \uacf3\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544 \ud55c\uc790\ub9ac\ub97c \ube59\ube59 \ub3c4\ub294 \ube44\ud589\uae30\ucc98\ub7fc \ub5a0\ubc00\ub824 \uc628 \uacf3\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0b6\uc740 \uc0b6\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uac70\ub300\ud568\uc740 \ubc14\uae65\uc73c\ub85c \ubed7\uc5b4\ub098\uac04\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ucee4\ub2e4\ub780 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc5d0\uac8c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc704\ud611\uc801\uc778 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ubb3c\ub860 \uac00\uc790\uc758 \u2018\uc704\ud611\u2019\uc740 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uacfc\uac70\uc5d0\ub098 \ud604\uc7ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \ud30c\uad34 \uc704\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc778 \u2014 \ub610\ud55c \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc740 \uc2dc\uc778\ud558\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubc14\ub85c\uc7a1\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\ub294 \u2014 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ub86f\ub41c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790 \uc9c0\uad6c\ub294 \uc790\uc5f0\ud788 \ud615\uc131\ub41c \u2018\uc9c0\uad6c\u2019\uac00 \uacb0\ucf54 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.[\uc5ed\uc8fc1]<\/a><\/sup> \uc218 \ucc28\ub840\uc758 \uacfc\uc815\uc774 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b8 \uc0b0\ubb3c\uc774\uba70, \uadf8\uc911 \uac00\uc7a5 \uac00\uc2b4 \uc544\ud504\uace0 \uac15\uc81c\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774 \uc2dc\uc628\uc8fc\uc758 \uad70\uc0ac\uc870\uc9c1\ub4e4\uc774, \ub098\uc911\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uad6d\uac00\uac00 \u2014 \uc8fc\ub85c \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \ub0a8\ubd80\uc758 \u2014 \ud06c\uace0 \uc791\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc, \uc0ac\ub9c9 \uc624\uc544\uc2dc\uc2a4, \ub18d\uacbd\uc9c0\ub300\uc758 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \ubab0\uc544 \ub123\uace0 \ubb38\uc744 \uac78\uc5b4\uc7a0\uadfc \ub54c\uc758 \uc77c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud55c \uacf5\ubc94\ub4e4\uc774, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uad6d\uac00\uc640 \uae30\uad00\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uad6d\uc81c \uc0ac\ud68c\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \ub3c4\uc654\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uacfc \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc\ub294 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5b8\uc820\uac00\ub294 \uc815\uc758\uac00 \ud639\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \ud639\uc740 \uc2e0\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758 \ud3b8\uc5d0 \uc11c\ub9ac\ub77c\uace0 \ubbff\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud560 \ud55c \uac00\uc9c0 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4.[14]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\uc758 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\ub294 \ud06c\uac8c \ub4dc\ub9ac\uc6b4\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ub5a0\ub09c \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc740 \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\ubc29\uc5d0, \uc704\uc5d0, \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \uc0c1\uc874\ud558\uba70 \uae30\uc138\ub4f1\ub4f1\ud558\ub2e4. \ud558\ub298\uacfc \ubc14\ub2e4\ub97c \ud1b5\uc81c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac10\uc2dc\uc6a9 \uccb4\ud3a0\ub9b0 \ube44\ud589\uc120\uc5d0, \ubb34\uc778\ud56d\uacf5\uae30\uc5d0, \ud3ec\ud568\uc5d0, \ub458\ub808\uc5d0 \uc9c0\ub8b0\ub97c \ubb3b\uc5b4\ub454 \uc644\ucda9\uc9c0\ub300\uc5d0, \uc801\uc678\uc120\u00b7\uac10\ub9c8\uc120 \ud0d0\uc9c0\uae30\uc5d0, \uc800 \uba40\ub9ac \ud154 \uc544\ube44\ube0c\ub098 \ub124\uac8c\ube0c\uc5d0 \uc549\uc544 \uc720\uc0ac\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc0b4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uad70\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc6d0\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \uc870\uc885\ud558\ub294 \ub85c\ubd07 \uae30\uad00\ucd1d \ud0d1\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. IDF\uac00 \uc8fc\ubb38\ucc98\ub7fc \uc678\ub294 \u201c\ub9c8\ucc30 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud1b5\uc81c\u201d\ub77c\ub294[15]<\/a><\/sup> \ub9d0\uc740 \uc6d0\uac70\ub9ac\uc640 \uc9c0\uadfc\uac70\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud589\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \ud1b5\uc81c\ub97c \uc740\ud3d0\ud560 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uacfc \uac00\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \u2018\uacbd\uacc4\u2019\ub294 \ubaa8\ub450, \uac07\ud600 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uadf8\uc800 \uc794\uc778\ud55c \ub18d\ub2f4\uc774\ub2e4. \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\ub294 \uc2b5\uaca9, \uc554\uc0b4 \uacf5\uc2b5, \uac15\ub3c4 \ub192\uc740 \uacf5\uc911 \uac10\uc2dc, \uc8fc\uae30\uc801\uc778 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uce68\ub7b5, \ub4dc\ub860, \uc704\uc131, \uc0b4\uc778 \uae30\uacc4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \ubd80\ub2e8\ud55c \uc601\uad6c\uc801 \uc9c0\ubc30. \uacbd\uacc4\uc640 \uc7a5\ubcbd\uc740 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \uac00\ub450\uc5b4 \ub450\uae30 (\ub610\ud55c \ub2e4\ub978 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc774\ub098 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc30\ub97c \ub530\ub974\ub824 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uae30) \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uba70 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \ud798\uc740 \uac00\ub85c\ub9c9\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.[16]<\/a><\/sup> \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \u2018\ucca0\uc218\ud55cdisengage<\/sup>\u2019 \uc801\uc740 \ub2e8 \ud55c \ubc88\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uac8c\ub2e4\uac00 \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc740 \uc2a4\ud399\ud130\ud074\ud55c \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \uc21c\uac04\ub4e4\uc5d0\ub9cc, \uc218\ucc9c \uba85\uc774 \ud568\uaed8with(out)<\/sup> \uc0ac\ub294 \ubc95\uc744 \ubc30\uc6cc\uc57c\ub9cc \ud558\ub294 \ud658\uc0c1\uc9c0\ub098 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \uc0c1\ucc98\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\uc0c1\uc0ac\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4\ubc84\ub9b0 \u2014 \uc2dd\ub8cc\ud488\uacfc \uc758\uc57d\ud488\uc758 \uc81c\uc57d, \uc5f0\ub8cc\uc640 \ud558\uc218 \ud38c\ud504 \uacf5\uae09 \uc81c\ud55c, \uc5b4\uc7a5 \uc624\uc5fc\uacfc \uacbd\uc791\uc9c0 \ud30c\uad34\ub97c \ud1b5\ud558\ub294 \u2014 \ubbf8\ubb18\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \uc8fd\uc74c\ub4e4 \uc18d\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc740 \uc804\uae30\ub97c, \uc778\ud130\ub137 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c, \ud1b5\uc2e0 \uae30\ubc18\uc2dc\uc124\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uacf3\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2e0\ubd84\uc99d\uc5d0 \ub0b4\uc7a5\ub41c \uc0dd\uccb4\uc815\ubcf4\u00b7\ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uc77c\ub9c1 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0, \uc9c0\ubd95 \u2018\ub178\ud06c\u2019\uc640 \uc704\ud611\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\uc790 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\uc5d0, \ud504\ub85c\ud30c\uac04\ub2e4 \ubc29\uc1a1\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub77c\ub514\uc624\u00b7\ud154\ub808\ube44\uc804 \uc2e0\ud638 \ud0c8\ucde8\uc5d0, \uadf8\uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uacf3\uc5d0. \ud55c \uc21c\uac04\ub3c4 \ub193\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uace0\uc9d1\uc2a4\ub7fd\uace0 \ubd80\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uaca9\ub82c\ud55c \uc874\uc7ac\uac00 \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0b6\uc744 \uc18d\ubc15\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \ucee4\ub2e4\ub797\uac8c \ub2e4\uac00\uc628\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uc810\ub839\uacfc \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc8fc\uc758 \uc55e\uc5d0\uc11c \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc774 \ucc98\ud55c \uad81\uc9c0\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc5d0 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uac00\uc790\uac00 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ub354\uc6b1\uc774, \uac00\uc790\ub97c \uc798\ub77c\ub0b4\uace0 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uace0 \ud30c\ud3b8\ud654\ud558\uace0 \ube48\uace4\ud654\ud558\uace0 \u2018\ucabc\uadf8\ub77c\ub4e4\uac8c’ \ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\uac00 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub610\ud55c \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ub418\uae30\uc5d0 \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4 \ub9d0\ud558\uc790\uba74, \ub354 \ud070 \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\uc774\uae30\uc5d0, \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\/\ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \uc804\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c (\uac00\ud574\uc9c0\uae30\ub3c4 \uc720\ubcf4\ub418\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub294) \ubd84\ub9ac, \ubd88\ud3c9\ub4f1, \ud3ed\ub825\uc774 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uccb4\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\ud604\ub418\ub294 \uc911\uc2ec\uc774\uc790 \uacb0\uacfc\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc740, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ube7c\uba39\uc73c\uba74 \uc548 \ub420 \uac00\uc790\uc758 \ud30c\uad34\ub294 \u2014 1930\ub144\ub300, 1940\ub144\ub300\ub97c \ub5a0\uc624\ub974\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \ub3c4\uc2dc \ud669\ud3d0\ud654\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud574 \u2014 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778 \ucd94\ubc29\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc758 \ud638 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc57c\ud30c, \ud558\uc774\ud30c, \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc2dc\uc628\uc8fc\uc758 \uc2dd\ubbfc \uae30\ud68d\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub3cc\uc5f0\ud788 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc801 \uadfc\ub300\uc131\uc774 \ub04a\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uacf3\uc774\ub2e4.[17]<\/a><\/sup> \uadf8\ub807\uae30\uc5d0, \uc9c0\uad6c\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc778\uad6c\ubc00\ub3c4 \ub192\uc740 \uacf3\ub4e4\uc744 \ud488\uace0 \uc788\ub294, \ubb38\uc790 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc554\ud751\uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub294, \ucc98\ub9ac\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc624\uc218\uc640 \ubb34\ub108\uc9c4 \uac74\ubb3c\ub4e4\uc758 \uc794\ud574 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub5a0\uc788\ub294, \uc904\uace7 \u2018\ub2e4\uc774\uc5b4\ud2b8\u2019 \uc911\uc778, \uae30\ubc18\uc2dc\uc124\ub4e4\uc740 \uace0\ud1b5\uc5d0 \ubab8\ubd80\ub9bc\uce58\uace0 \uac16\uac00\uc9c0 \ube48\uace4\uc774 \ub298\uc5b4\ub9cc \uac00\ub294, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 (\ub3c4\uc2dc\uc801) \uc870\uac74\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\ub294 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \u2018\ub098\ud06c\ubc14\ud654\u2019\uc758 \ud55c \uae30\ub2a5\uc774\ub2e4.[18]<\/a><\/sup> 1948\ub144 \uc774\uc804 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \ub545\uc5d0 \ucd08\ub798\ub41c \ubb38\ud654\uc801, \uacbd\uc81c\uc801, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud669\ud3d0\ud654\ub294 \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \ub4a4\ud754\ub4dc\ub294 \uc0c1\uc2e4\uc774\ub2e4 \u2014 \ub610\ud55c \ub09c\ubbfc\uc774 \uc6d0\ub798 \uc8fc\ubbfc\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub9ce\uc740 \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \ud6e8\uc52c \ub450\ub4dc\ub7ec\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740, \ud669\ud3d0\ud654\uac00 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc2dc\uc628\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ud655\uc7a5\uacfc \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uc810\ub839\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac\uc9c4\ud589\ud615\uc758 \ub9e5\ub77d\uacfc \ub5bc\uc5b4 \ub193\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\uc9c4 (\ubbf8\ub798) \uc6b4\ub3d9\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc801 \uc720\ud3d0\uc640 \uac10\uae08\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uc815\ucc45\uc758 \uc815\uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\ub294 \uc11c\uc548\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\uc5d0 \ub4dc\ub9ac\uc6b4\ub2e4. \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\uc740 \uc778\uad6c \ubc00\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub2e4\uce35 \uc544\ud30c\ud2b8\ub85c \uc704\ub97c \ud5a5\ud558\uace0, \uacf3\uacf3\uc774 \uac08\uc218\ub85d \uc870\ubc00\ud574\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\ub098 \ucabc\uadf8\ub77c\ub4e4\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc601\ud1a0 \uc804\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub098 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc218\ud0c8, \uad70\uc0ac \uc9c0\ub300 \ud655\uc7a5, \uc7a5\ubcbd\u00b7\uac80\ubb38\uc18c\u00b7\uc6b0\ud68c\ub85c\u00b7\uc644\ucda9\uc9c0\ub300 \uac74\uc124 \u2014 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc904\uae30\ucc28\uac8c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4 \u2014 \uc740 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \uc881\uc740 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc6b1\uc5ec \ub123\ub294\ub2e4. \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \ub77c\ub9d0\ub77c\uc758 \ubc84\ube14 \ubd90\uc774 \uc774\ub97c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc798 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc0ac\ub840\ub2e4. \uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818\uc758 \uc720\ub300\ud654\uc640 \ud0c8\uc544\ub78d\uc640, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \uc601\ud1a0 \uc804\uc5ed\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c \uc0c1\ud669 \uc545\ud654\uac00 \ub77c\ub9d0\ub77c\uc758 \ubc00\ub3c4 \uc99d\uac00\ub97c \ubd80\ucd94\uae34\ub2e4. \uc881\ub2e4\ub780 \ube48 \ub545\ub4e4\uc744 \ub2e4\uce35 \uc544\ud30c\ud2b8\uac00 \uc5d0\uc6cc\uc2fc\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub77c\ub9d0\ub77c\ub294 \uac08\uc218\ub85d \uc8c4\uc5b4\ub4e4\uae30\ub9cc \ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc5d0, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc744 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc557\uc544\uac00\ub824\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uaebe\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uace0\uc9d1\uc5d0 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2f8\uc5ec \uc788\ub2e4. \ub77c\ub9d0\ub77c\ub294 \ub610\ud55c 1990\ub144\ub300 \ud6c4\ubc18 \uc774\ud6c4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc218\ub3c4 \ub178\ub987\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70 \ud604\uc7ac\ub294 \ub098\uc774\ud2b8\ud074\ub7fd\uacfc \ud638\ud154, \ub178\ucc9c \uc2dc\uc0e4 \ub77c\uc6b4\uc9c0, \uae30\uc5c5\uac00 \uc591\uc131 \uae30\uad00, \uc2e0\ud765 \ud604\uc9c0\u00b7\ud574\uc678 \uc5d8\ub9ac\ud2b8\ub4e4\ub85c \uac00\ub4dd\ud574, NGO\uc640 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \ud22c\uc790\uac00 \ubab0\ub9b0\ub2e4. \ub77c\ub9d0\ub77c\ub294 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \u2018\uc218\ud655\u2019\ud130\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1990\ub144\ub300 \ucd08\uc911\ubc18\uc5d0\ub294 \uac00\uc790\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub7ac\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub97c (IDF\uc758 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub97c \uc4f0\uc790\uba74[19]<\/a><\/sup>) \uc9c0\ubd95 \uc5c6\ub294 \u2018\uac10\uc625penitentiray<\/sup>\u2019\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \ub77c\ub9d0\ub77c\uc640 \uc11c\uc548\uc5d0 \ud3b8\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub97c \ubbf8\ub798\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud560\uc9c0\ub97c \u2014 \uac00\uc790 \uac19\uc744 \uac83\uc784\uc744 \u2014 \uc548\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ubbf8\ub798\uac00 \uc5b8\uc81c \ubd80\uacfc\ub420 \uac83\uc778\uac00 \ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uc77c \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uba38\ub9bf\uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uac00\ud639\ud558\uace0 \uc794\uc778\ud558\uac8c \ub300\ud560\uc218\ub85d \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub354\ub354\uc6b1 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc5d0\uac8c \uac70\uc2ac\ub9ac\ub294 \uc874\uc7ac\uac00 \ub418\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc9c0\ub3c4\ub294 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ubc16\uc73c\ub85c \ud37c\uc838\ub098\uac00\ub294 \uc704\ud611\uc801\uc778 \ub3d9\uc2ec\uc6d0\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uadf8\ub824\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc0bd\ud654\ub294 \uac00\uc790\uc9c0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\ub85c \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\ub85c \uad6c\ubd88\uad6c\ubd88 \ubed7\uc5b4\ub098\uac00\ub294 \ucd09\uc218 \uac19\uc740 \ub545\uad74\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \ubb18\uc0ac\ub41c\ub2e4.[20]<\/a><\/sup> \uc774 \ub610\ud55c \ucee4\ub2e4\ub780 \uac00\uc790\ub2e4, \uc885\uc885 \uac77\uc7a1\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc774 \ubd88\uac70\uc9c0\ub294 \ub4ef \uc5ec\uaca8\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ud654\ud559\uc694\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uce58\ub8cc\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc554\uc73c\ub85c, \uac15\uac04\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131\uc73c\ub85c, \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \u2018\ud480\uc744 \uae4e\uc544\uc57c\u2019[\uc5ed\uc8fc2]<\/a><\/sup> \ud558\ub294 \ud669\ubb34\uc9c0\ub85c, \ub354\uc5c6\uc774 \uac00\ud639\ud55c \uae30\uc220\ub4e4, \ub354\uc5c6\uc774 \ud639\ub3c5\ud55c \u2018\uc751\ub2f5\ub4e4\u2019\ub85c[21]<\/a><\/sup> \ubc8c\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uac10\uc625\uc73c\ub85c. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \ucee4\uc11c, \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub098\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\uc740 \uc544\uc774\ub4e4\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub450\uac00 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc704\ud611\uc774\ub2e4. \uc544\ubb34 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c\ub098 \u05e2\u05d6\u05d4\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud574\ubcf4\ub77c. \ub450\ub824\uc6c0\uacfc \ud610\uc624\uac10\uc5d0 \ubc8c\ubc8c \ub5a8 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc6b8\ud0c0\ub9ac, \ubb34\uae30, \uc7a5\ubcbd, \uc5ec\ud589 \uc81c\ud55c, \ub4dc\ub860 \ub4a4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc694\uc0c8\ud654\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc81c \uc790\uc2e0\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \ub610\ud55c \uac08\uc218\ub85d \ucee4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc624\ud574\uc640 \uc624\ubcf4\uc758 \uc7a5\ub9c9\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \ud37c\uc838\ub098\uac04\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4 \u2014 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uc790\uc758\ub294 \uc544\ub2c8\uae34 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc744, \uace0\uc815\uad00\ub150\ub4e4\uc744, \ub450\ub824\uc6c0\ub4e4\uc744, \ub2e8\uc815\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b8\ub2e4. \ud55c \uac00\uc790 \ucd9c\uc2e0 \ud544\uc790\uc758 \ub9d0\ub300\ub85c, \u2018\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc18c\uc7ac\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b4\ub294 \ub370 \ub2a5\ud1b5\ud558\ub2e4. \ud0dc\ud3c9\ud55c \uc2dc\uccad\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub108\ubb34\ub3c4 \ub9db \uc88b\uc740 TV \uc694\ub9ac\ub97c \uc9c0\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0. \ub2e4\ub978 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uc0b6\uc758 \u2014 \uc0ac\ub791\uc758, \uae30\uc068\uc758, \uc18c\ub9ac \uc5c6\ub294 \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uc758, \uc778\uac04\uc131\uc758 \u2014 \uae30\ubbf8\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uad6c\ubbf8\ub97c \ub04c\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.\u2019[22]<\/a><\/sup> \uac00\uc790\ub294 \u2014 \ubb38\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \ubab0\uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uc9c0\uadf9\uc774 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud654\ub41c \ubc29\uc2dd\ub4e4\ub85c \u2014 \uc704\ud611\uc801\uc778, \ud6c4\uc9c4\uc801\uc778, \ube44\uc9c4\ubcf4\uc801\uc778 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc744 \uc0c1\uc9d5\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc57c\uc704\uc5b4 \uac04\ub2e4. \ub625\ud1b5\uc5d0 \ube60\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc554\ud751 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \uc0b0\ub2e4. \uc2e0\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e4\ub2ec\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uadfc\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758 \uc774\ub370\uc62c\ub85c\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc704\uc548\uacfc \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \uc545\ud654\ub418\uba74 \uadf8 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ub098\ube60\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub2f4\ub860\uc801, \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc790\uac00 \ub418\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4 \u2014 \ud154 \uc544\ube44\ube0c \ud639\uc740 \uc544\uc288\ub3c4\ub4dc\uc640 \uc2a4\ub370\ub86f\uc758, \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \ub77c\ub9d0\ub77c\uc758 \u2018\uc131\uacf5\u2019\uc758.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774 \uc7ac\ud604\uc740 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ubb34\ub7ed\ubb34\ub7ed \uc790\ub77c\ub09c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uac00\uc790\uc640\uc758 \u2018\uc804\uc7c1 \uc0c1\ud0dc\u2019\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc815\uce58\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uac00\uce58\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ub354 \ub298\uc5b4\ub09c \u2018\ubc29\uc704\u2019 \uc9c0\ucd9c\uacfc \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uad70\uc0ac \uae30\uc220\uc744 \ud569\ub9ac\ud654\ud574 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc218\uc775\uc744 \ucc3d\ucd9c\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uacf5\ud3ec, \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \ubc29\uc5b4, \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc7a5\ubcbd, \uac00\uc790\ub97c \u2018\uc791\uc544\u2019 \ubcf4\uae30\uc5d0 \ub9cc\ub4e4 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uae30\ubc95\uacfc \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uad70\uc0ac \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc774, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uac10\uc2dc \ubc0f \u2018\uc548\ubcf4\u2019 \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305 \ub178\ub2e4\uc9c0\uac00, \ub4dc\ub860\uc804\uc744 \uc2dc\uc5f0\ud558\ub294 \uc2e4\ud5d8 \uc0ac\ub840\uac00, \uad70\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ud0f1\ud06c \uc870\uc885\uc220\uacfc \ub4e4\ub8b0\uc988 \ud1a1\ud574\ub97c \uacb0\ud569\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacf5\uac04\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4.[23]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uce21\uc5d0 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \uc11c\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uc601\ud1a0-\uc815\uce58 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0\uc11c, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \ubbfc\uc871\uc744 \ubd84\uc5f4\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \u2018\ud1b5\uc77c \uc815\ubd80\u2019\ub97c \uc88c\uc808\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \ubbf8\ub9ac \ub9c9\uc73c\ub824 \ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uc2dc\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ub3cc\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uac00\uc790 \uc5f0\uc548 \uac00\uc2a4\uc804 \ud0d0\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uac00\uc790\u00b7\uc11c\uc548 \uc9c0\ud558\uc218\ub97c \uac08\uc218\ub85d \ub9ce\uc774 \ud37c\uac00\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ub3cc\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud070 \uc774 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \ud604\uc0c1 \uc720\uc9c0\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uc904\uace7 \uc704\ud611 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ub193\uc5ec \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ub41c \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc801\uc778 \uac10\uac01\uc744 \ud0a4\uc6cc\uc8fc\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.[24]<\/a><\/sup> \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b8, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc744 \ub193\uc544\uc8fc\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc18c\uc6a9\ub3cc\uc774\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc740 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ud2b9\uc218\ud55c \uc7a5\uc18c\ub85c \u2014 \uad70\uc0ac \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c, \uacf5\ud3ec\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc73c\ub85c, \uc9c0\uc0c1\uc758 \uc545\ubabd\uc73c\ub85c \u2014 \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0b0\uc0b0\uc870\uac01\uc73c\ub85c \ud30c\uc5f4\ub418\uace0, \uadf8 \uc881\uc740 \uc720\ud3d0\ub41c \uc601\ud1a0\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc81c \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc744 \ubc14\uae65\uc73c\uc73c\ub85c \ubc00\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4. \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9d0\ud558\uc790\uba74 \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc624\ud574\ub97c, \uc624\uc778\uc744, \uace0\uc815\uad00\ub150 \u2014 \ud14c\ub7ec\uc758 \uc628\uc0c1, \uc774\uc2ac\ub78c\uc758 \ud6c4\uc9c4\uc131, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \ubbfc\uc871\uc758 \uc0dd\ub798\uc801 \ud3ed\ub825\uc131 \ub4f1\ub4f1 \u2014 \uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub610\ud55c \ud559\uc790\ub4e4, \uc0ac\uc0c1\uac00\ub4e4, \ubb38\uc778\ub4e4, \ubbf8\uc220\uac00\ub4e4, \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00 \uc81c3\uc138\uacc4 \uc5f0\ub300\ub97c, \uc815\ucc29\uc790 \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c, \ubc18\uc81c\uad6d\uc8fc\uc758 \uc800\ud56d\ub97c, \ud504\ub808\ub808, \ud30c\ub18d, \ub808\ub2cc, \ub9c8\uc624, \uccb4\ub97c \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\ub77c\uace0, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc774\ub860\uc801\u00b7\uc815\uce58\uc801 \ub17c\uace0\ub4e4\uc744 \uadfc\ubcf8\ubd80\ud130 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc77d\uc73c\ub77c\uace0 \uac04\uccad\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc778\ub958\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uac00 \uc9c4\ubcf4, \ud3c9\ub4f1, \uc815\uc758, \ud639\uc740 \ubcf4\ud3b8\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \ud5a5\ud574 \ubaa9\uc801\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\uc544\uac00\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744, \uadf8\ub7f0 \uac83\ub4e4\uc740 \uc6b8\ud241\ubd88\ud241 \uad6c\ubd88\uad6c\ubd88\ud55c \uae38\ub4e4\ub85c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\uba70 \uadf8\ub9c8\uc800\ub3c4 \uc624\uc9c1 \uc18c\uc218\ub9cc\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc77c \ub54c\uac00 \ub108\ubb34\ub3c4 \uc7a6\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ub610\ud55c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0dd\uc131\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \uc5f0\uacb0\uc120\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uae30\ub97c, \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uae30\ub97c, \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud558\uae30\ub97c, \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud558\uae30\ub97c \uccad\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 (\uc554\uc6b8\ud55c) \ud559\ubb38\uacfc \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc815\uce58\ub97c, \uadf8 \uc740\uc720\ub4e4\uacfc \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc744, \uadf9\ud55c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc00\uc5b4\ubd99\uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\ub840\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ud1a0\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c, \uac10\uc625\uc73c\ub85c, \ub9c8\uce68\ub0b4 \ub9d0\uc0b4\ub85c \ubab0\uc544\uac00\ub294 \u2018\uc778\ud074\ub85c\uc800\u2019 \uacfc\uc815\uacfc \uac00\uc7a5 \uc57d\ud55c \uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \uac00\ub450\uc5b4 \ub193\ub294 \uc815\uce58\uacbd\uc81c \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \ud604\ud604\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub4e4\ub8b0\uc988\uc758 \u2018\ud1b5\uc81c \uc0ac\ud68c\u2019\uc640 \ud478\ucf54\uc758 \u2018\ud310\uc635\ud2f0\ucf58\u2019\uc774 \ud55c\ub370 \uc218\ub834\ub418\ub294 \uacf3\uc774\uc790 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ud55c\uacc4\uac00 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub098\ub294 \uacf3\uc774\ub2e4 \u2014 \ud6c4\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uadfc\ub300 \uaddc\uc728 \uc0ac\ud68c\ub97c \uc704\ud55c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc8fc\uccb4\ub4e4\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc601\uc6d0\ud788 \uac00\uc2dc\uc801 \ud639\uc740 \uac00\ub3c5\uc801legible<\/sup>\uc774\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e6\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uadf8\uac83\ub4e4\uc744 \uad00\ucc30\ud558\uace0 \uc815\uc0c1\ud654\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ub9cc\uc5f0\ud55c \uacbd\ud5a5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc774\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uac74\ucd95\uc801 \ud615\uc0c1\uc774\uba70 \uc804\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 (\ud639\uc740 \uc624\uc9c1) \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\uc870\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc815\ubcf4 \uc218\uc9d1 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\ub4ec\ub4e4\uc774 \ub450\ub8e8 \ud37c\uc838 \uc788\ub294 \ub9e4\ud2b8\ub9ad\uc2a4\uac00 \uc778\ud074\ub85c\uc800\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub294 \uacf3\uc774\ub2e4.[25]<\/a><\/sup> \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ubbfc\uac04\uc778 \uc778\uad6c\uc640 \uad70\ub300 \uc778\uad6c\uc758 \uacbd\uacc4\uac00 \ud750\ub824\uc9c0\ub2e4 \ubabb\ud574 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uc0b0\uc0b0\uc870\uac01\ub098\ub294, \uad74\ub77c\uadf8 \ub0b4\uc758 \uc804\uc6d0\uc774 \uc601\uc6d0\ud788 \uc804\uc7c1\uc744 \uc900\ube44\ud558\uace0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc0b6\uc744 \ubd80\uc815 \ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ube44\ub9b4\ub9ac\uc624\uc758 \u2018\ucd1d\uccb4\uc801 \uc804\uc7c1\u2019\uc744 \uc2e4\uc99d\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc774\ub294 \u2018\uc804\uc7c1\u2019\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \uc989\uac01\uc801\uc778 \uc815\ubcf4, \uc18c\ud1b5, \ud30c\uad34 \uc218\ub2e8\uc758 \ud1b5\uc81c\uac00 \uc9c0\ubc30\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uce58\uc801 \ud798\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uac08\uc218\ub85d \ube68\ub77c\uc9c0\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4 \uc870\uc791\uacfc \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4 \uc815\uce58\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uacb0\uc815\ub418\ub294, \ube44\ub9b4\ub9ac\uc624\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc815\uce58chrono-politics<\/sup>\ub97c \uc785\uc99d\ud55c\ub2e4.[26]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc7a5\uae30\ud654\ub41c \ube44\uc0c1 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uad8c\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ub418\ub294, \ub2f9\uad6d(\uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8)\uc758 \uad8c\ud55c\uc774 \ubc95\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \ud655\ub300\ub418\uc5b4 \uac1c\uc778\ub4e4(\uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uac00\uc790 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4)\uc758 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uad8c\uc744 \ubc15\ud0c8\ud558\uace0 \uadf8\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uac1c\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \u2018\ubc8c\uac70\ubc97\uc740 \uc0dd\uba85\u2019 \u2014 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \ubc8c\ub3c4 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc8fd\uc77c \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub0b4\uc138\uc6b0\ub294, \ub610\ud55c \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc778\uad6c(\uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ucca0\uc218 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uac00\uc790)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801, \uc815\uce58\uc801, \ud639\uc740 \uc778\uac04\uc801 \ucc45\uc784\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uc2dd\ubbfc \uad8c\ub825\uc5d0 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub4e0 \ud76c\uc0dd\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 [\uc21c\uc804\ud788] \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uc801\uc778 \uc874\uc7ac \u2014 \uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uc870\ub974\uc9c0\uc624 \uc544\uac10\ubca4\uc758 \u2018\uc608\uc678 \uc0c1\ud0dc\u2019,[27]<\/a><\/sup> \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uadf8 \ucd5c\uc2e0\uc758, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc544\ub9c8 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub2e8\uc801\uc778, \uc0ac\ub840\ub2e4. \uc544\uc2e4 \uc74c\ubcb0\ubca0\uac00 \ub9d0\ud558\ub4ef, \uc544\uac10\ubca4\uacfc \ud478\ucf54\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85\uad8c\ub825(\uaddc\uc728 \uad8c\ub825\uacfc \uc0dd\uba85\uc815\uce58\uc758 \u2014 \ud6c4\uc790\ub294, \ub113\uac8c \ubcf4\uc790\uba74, \uc0dd\uba85\uc774 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ud1b5\uc81c\uc640 \uacc4\uc0b0\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc774\ub2e4 \u2014 \uc544\uc0c1\ube14\ub77c\uc8fc)\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uc800\ud56d, \ud76c\uc0dd, \ud14c\ub7ec\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c, \ud639\uc740 \ub354 \uac04\ub2e8\ud788 \ub9d0\ud558\uc790\uba74 \uc774\ubc88\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uac00\uc790\uac00 \uadf8 \ubaa8\ubc94\uc778 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uc608\uc18d\ud654 \ud615\uc2dd\ub4e4\uc744 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc74c\ubcb0\ubca0\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 (\uc0dd\uba85\uad8c\ub825\uacfc \ubc18\ub300\ub418\ub294) \uc8fd\uc74c\uad8c\ub825\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0, \u2018\ud30c\uad34\uc758 \uae30\uc220\ub4e4\uc740 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ucd09\uac01\uc801\uc774\uac8c, \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud574\ubd80\ud559\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uac10\uac01\uc801\uc774\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\u2019\uace0 \uc8fc\uad8c \uad8c\ub825\uc740 \ub2e8\uc9c0 \uadf8 \uc2e0\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc885\ub958\uc758 \uc0b6\uc744 \uc0b4\uc9c0\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubaa9\uc228\uc744 \uac70\ub450\uc5b4 \uac00\ub294 \uc120\ud0dd\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc74c\ubcb0\ubca0\uac00 \ubcf4\uae30\uc5d0 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uac00\uc7a5 \u2018\ub2a5\ub780\u2019\ud558\uac8c \uc8fd\uc74c \uad8c\ub825\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \u2014 \u2018\ub300\ub2e4\uc218 \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0b4\uc544 \uc788\ub294 \uc2dc\uccb4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \ubab0\uc544 \ub123\ub294 \uc0dd\ud65c \uc870\uac74 \ud558\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294\u2019 \u2014 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \uc810\ub839\uc774\ub2e4.[28]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uac00\uc790\uc5d0 \ud718\ub450\ub974\ub294 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ud3ed\ub825\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4\uc744 \uc8fd\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc5c6\uc560\ub824\ub294 \uc758\ub3c4\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ud574\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc2a4\ud2f0\ube10 \uadf8\ub808\uc774\uc5c4Stephen Graham<\/sup>\uc740 \uc774\ub97c \u2018\ub3c4\uc2dc\uc0b4\ud574urbicide’<\/sup>\u2019\ub77c \uce6d\ud55c\ub2e4.[29]<\/a><\/sup> \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub300\uc801 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc801 \uc0b6\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub294 \uc0dd\ud65c \uc218\ub2e8\ub4e4\uc758 \uccb4\uacc4\uc801 \ud30c\uad34, \uad70\ub300\uc640 \uc778\uac04\uc774 \ubc8c\uc774\ub294 \u2018\ud0c8\uadfc\ub300\ud654\u2019 \uacfc\uc815\uc774\ub2e4. \ubb34\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \ud63c\ub3c8\uc758 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uc9c0\ub3c5\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e6\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \ud3ed\ub825\uc740 \uc544\ub78d \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc790\uae30\uc2e4\ud604\uc801 \uc608\uc5b8 \u2014 \ub370\ub9ad \uadf8\ub808\uace0\ub9acDerek Gregory<\/sup>\uc758 \ub9d0\uc744 \ube4c\ub9ac\uc790\uba74, \u2018\ube44\uc720\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub098 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub098 \uadfc\ub300\uc758 \ubc14\uae65\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294\u2019 \ud63c\ub3c8\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ub2e8\uc808\ub41c \ub3c4\uc2dc \uc138\uacc4\ub4e4 \u2014 \uc744 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud55c\ub2e4.[30]<\/a><\/sup> \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub610\ud55c \ub3c4\uc2dc \ud1b5\uc81c, \uc9c4\uc815\u93ad\u5b9a<\/sup>, \uc9c4\uc555\uc804\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uae30\uc220\ub4e4\uc744 (\ub9d0 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c) \uc2dc\ud5d8\ud558\ub294 \uacf3\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc774\uc73d\uace0 \uba87\uba87 \ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc804\uc758 \ub054\ucc0d\ud55c \ubbf8\ub798\ub85c, \ub3c4\uc2dc \uc790\uccb4\uc640 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \uc870\uac74\ub4e4\uc774 \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \uc804\uc7c1\uc758 (\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4) \uc9d5\ud6c4\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uadf8\ub7f0 \uacf3\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\ud3ec\ud558\ub294 \ub370\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4.[31]<\/a><\/sup> \uc5d0\uc584 \uc640\uc774\uc988\ub9ccEyal Weizman<\/sup>\uc774 \ubcf4\uae30\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ub054\ucc0d\ud55c \ubbf8\ub798\ub294 \ub354 \uba40\ub9ac, \u2018 [\u2026] \ubb38\ud131\ub4e4 \u2014 \ubc95\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub4e4, \ud55c \uad6d\uac00\uac00 \uac00\ud558\uace0 \uad6d\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc6a9\uc778\ub418\ub294 \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub4e4 \u2014 \uc744 \uc2dc\ud5d8\ud558\uace0 \ubc00\uc5b4\ubd99\uc774\ub294 \ub370\ub85c \ub098\uc544\uac04\ub2e4.\u2019[32]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uadf8 \uacbd\uacc4\ub97c \ud55c\ucc38 \ub118\uc5b4 \ucee4\uc9c0\uace0 \ud37c\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub9d0\ud574\uc8fc\uae30\uc5d0, \ub610\ud55c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uacfc\uc815\ub4e4 \u2014 \uac00\ub450\ub294 \uae30\uc220\ub4e4, \uad70\ub300\uc758 \uad8c\ub825, \uc804\uc9c0\uad6c\uc801 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758, \ubc95\uc801 \uacf5\uaca9, \uc804\ubc29\uc704\uc801 \uac10\uc2dc, \ud604\ub300\ud310 \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc8fc\uc758 \ub4f1\ub4f1 \u2014 \uc774 \ud55c\ub370 \ubaa8\uc774\ub294 \uacf3\uc774\uae30\uc5d0. \ud55c\ud3b8\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ub610\ud55c, \uc800\ud56d\ud558\uae30\uc5d0, \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc544\ud30c\ub974\ud2b8\ud5e4\uc774\ud2b8, \uc815\ucc29\uc790-\uc2dd\ubbfc\uc8fc\uc758, \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758, \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758, \ube48\uace4, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \ubd88\ud3c9\ub4f1\uacfc \ucc29\ucde8\ub97c \uc774\uaca8\ub0b4\uace0 \uc885\uc2dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub824 \ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc6b4\ub3d9\ub4e4\uacfc \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub807\uae30\uc5d0 \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ubc14\uae65\uc73c\ub85c \ubed7\uc5b4\ub098\uac04\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\ub294 \uc608\ucee8\ub300 \ubbf8\uc8fc\ub9ac\uc8fc \ud37c\uac70\uc2a8\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uae38\uc5d0 \u2014 \ud751\uc778\ub4e4\uacfc \uac00\uc790 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\ub294 \ubc15\ud0c8\uacfc \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0, \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ud751\uc778\uacfc \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\uc758 \ubab8\ub4e4\uc744 \uacf5\uaca9\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 (\ubc31\uc778) \ubbf8\uad6d \uacbd\ucc30\uacfc \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uad70\ub300\uac00 \ub204\ub9ac\ub294 \uba74\ubc8c\uad8c\uc5d0, \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \uc800\ud56d \uc804\uc220\uacfc \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0, \uadf8 \uc678\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc720\uc0ac\uc131\ub4e4\uc5d0 \u2014 \uac00\ub2ff\ub294\ub2e4.[33]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc774\uac83\uc774 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud070 \uac00\uc790\ub2e4. \ubd80\ubd84\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uac00\uc790\uac00 \ub108\ubb34\ub098\ub3c4 (\uc601\ud1a0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c) \uc811\uadfc\ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacf3\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\ubc84\ub838\uae30\uc5d0 \ud06c\uac8c \ub4dc\ub9ac\uc6b0\ub294 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\ub2e4. \ubc14\uae65\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc790\uc5d0 \uad00\ud574 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc9c0\uace0 \uc774\ub860\ud654\ub418\ub294 \uac83 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \uadf8 \ucc38\uc0c1, \uacb0\ud54d, \ube48\uace4, \uace0\ub9bd, \ube44\ucc38\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uac83\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc740 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \ubc8c\ub3c4 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud569\uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uacfc \uc9c0\uc18d\uc5d0 \ub108\ubb34\ub3c4 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\ub2f4\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub370 \uad00\ud55c \uac83\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uad6d\uc81c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uce68\ubb35\uacfc \uacf5\ubaa8\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uac83\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uc694\ucee8\ub300 \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uadfc\ub300 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubcd1\ud3d0\ub97c \uc0c1\uc9d5\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uadf8\uc800 \uc788\ub294 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c\uc758 \uac00\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc740\uc720\uc801\uc778 \uac00\uc790\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uac00\uc790\uc758 \ucc38\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub85c\uc7a1\ud788\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8 \ubc18\ub300\uc758 \uac83 \u2014 \uac00\uc790\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc6c5\ub300\ud55c\uc9c0 \u2014 \uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub04c\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \ub098\ub294, \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uac07\ud600 \uc788\ub294 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \ucee4\uc9c0\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \u2014 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc778\uac04\uc758 \u2014 \ud22c\uc7c1\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uac70\ub300\ud568\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ubcf4\uace0\uc790 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud55c \ubbfc\uc871\uc758 \uc704\ub300\ud568<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc5b4\uca4c\uba74 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc5b4\ub460\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc744 \uc77c\ubcc4\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ub5a0\ubc00\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub610\ud55c \uadf8\ub9cc\ud07c, \ud3ec\uae30\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc778\uac04\uc131\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac01\uc8fc\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.[34]<\/a><\/sup> \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc790\uac00 \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud558\ub294 \uac83 \u2014 \uc9c4\uc555\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \ubbfc\uc911 \u2014\uc758, \uadf8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ud070 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc790\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \ub450\ub9d0 \ud560 \uac83\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \uc800\ud56d\uc758 \ub465\uc9c0\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ube7c\uace0\uc11c\ub294, \ub610\ud55c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \ubbfc\uc871\uacfc \uc800\ud56d\uc744 \uac00\uc790\uc5d0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub07c\uc6cc\ub123\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\uc11c\ub294, \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \ubbfc\uc871\uc131nationhood<\/sup>\uacfc \uc800\ud56d, \uadf8 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc640 \ubbf8\ub798\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc800\ud56d\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uacf3, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc2ac\ud514\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uae4a\uc740 \uacf3, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc678\ub85c\uc6c0\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc120\uc5f0\ud55c \uacf3\uc774\ub2e4. \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \ubb34\uad00\uc2ec\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uac00\ud639\ud558\uace0 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc4f0\ub77c\ub9b0 \uacf3\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uad11\ub300\ud558\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub3c4, \uc6c0 \uc77c \ubb34\uce74\uc640\uba54umm il muqqawameh<\/sup> (\uc800\ud56d\uc758 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8)\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc0ac\uc9c0\ub97c \uc790\ub974\uace0 \ud131\uc744 \uc73c\uc2a4\ub7ec\ub728\ub824\ub3c4 \ud544\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2f8\uc6b4\ub2e4. \ub9de\uc120\ub2e4. \uc18c\ub9ac \uc9c0\ub978\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub97c \uac00\ub458 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc950\uc5b4\uc9e4 \uc218\ub294 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uad76\uae38 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uac74\uc7ac\ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \ubc84\ub4dc\ub098\ubb34\ub2e4. \uad6c\ubd80\ub7ec\uc9c0\uace0 \ub4a4\ud2c0\ub9ac\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc \uaebe\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uace0\ud5a5\ub545\uc758 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\uc758 \ucd5c\uc804\uc120\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0ac \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc0c1\ud669 \u2014 \uadf8 \ubcd1\ud3d0\uc640 \ucc38\uc0c1\ub9cc\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uadf8 \ub048\uc9c8\uae34 \uc874\uc7ac \u2014 \uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc5d0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uae30\uc2e4, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uacfc \ud569\uc911\uad6d, \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\uc640 PA, \uac00\uc790 \ub108\uba38\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \u2018\ucabc\uadf8\ub77c\ub728\ub9ac\ub824\u2019 \u2014 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \uc601\ud1a0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\ub450\uc5b4\ub450\ub824, \uc0ac\uae30\ub97c \uaebe\uc73c\ub824, \uadf8 \ucd5c\uc2e0\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801\u00b7\uc885\uad50\uc801 \ubd84\ud30c\ub4e4\uc744 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub824, \uac00\uc790 \uacbd\uc81c \ubc1c\uc804\uc744 \ub9c9\uc73c\ub824, \uadf8 \uae30\ubc18\uc2dc\uc124\ub4e4\uc744 \uc218\uc2ed \ub144 \uc804\uc73c\ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\ub824 \ubb36\uc5b4\ub450\ub824 \ub4f1\ub4f1 \u2014 \ud558\uba74 \ud560\uc218\ub85d, \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc911\uc2ec\uc774\uba70 \uac70\ub300\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774 \ub354\ub354\uc6b1 \uba85\ubc31\ud574\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud070 \uac00\uc790\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c, \uc2dc\uc628\uc8fc\uc758 \uae30\uad6c\ub4e4\uacfc \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uccb4\uc81c\uac00 \uc231\ud558\uac8c \uac00\ub85c\ub9c9\uc73c\ub824, \ubd80\ub2e8\ud788 \ubb34\ub108\ub728\ub9ac\ub824 \ud574 \uc628 \uc0c1\ub300, \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \uadf8\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ud328\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ub300\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud070 \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uacfc \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc591\uc2ec\uc744 \uc774\uaca8\ub0bc \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uac00 \uac00\ub2ff\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc624\ub798 \uc804\ubd80\ud130 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ubc14\ub85c \uadf8\uac83 \u2014 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc544\ubb34 \ub370\ub3c4 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4 \u2014 \uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uac00\uc790\ub294 \uac00\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4. \ub9e4\ud639\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uacbd\uc774\ub86d\uace0 \uc2e0\ud654\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ub111\uc744 \uc0ac\ub85c\uc7a1\uace0 \ube44\ubc94\ud558\uace0 \uc778\uc0c1\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc5b4\ub9c8\uc5b4\ub9c8\ud558\uace0 \ube44\ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ubb34\uac81\ub514 \ubb34\uac81\uace0 \uae30\uc801\uc801\uc774\uace0, \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub3c4, \uacac\uace0\ud558\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc758\ubb34\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ubb3c\ub860 \ubb3b\uace0 \uc2f6\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac8c \uac00\ub2a5\ud560\uae4c? \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \uacc4\uc18d \uc0b4\uc544\ub0a8\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c? \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \uc601\uc6d0\ud788 \uc800\ud56d\ud560\uae4c? \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uadfc\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c? \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc904\uace7 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub300\uc758\uc5d0 \uc0dd\uba85\uc758 \uc228\uae38\uc744 \ubd88\uc5b4\ub123\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c? \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc8fc\uc758, \uad70\uc0ac\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ucd94\uc545\ud568\uacfc \uc545\ub3c5\ud568\uc744 \uacac\ub38c\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c? \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc628\uac16 \ucc38\uc0c1\uc744 \uadf9\ubcf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c? \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc774 \uc0b6\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud074\uae4c?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uadf8\ub807\ub2e4 \u2014 \uac00\uc790\ub294 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub2f5\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc8fc<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\uff0a \ub300\uad04\ud638 \uc18d\uc758 \uac83\uc740 \uc5ed\uc790\uac00 \ucd94\uac00\ud55c \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4.
\uff0a \ucd9c\ucc98\ub85c \uc81c\uc2dc\ub41c \uc6f9\ud398\uc774\uc9c0\uc758 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc218\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac \uc5f4\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>1<\/a><\/span> Ghassan Kanafani, \u2018Letter from Gaza,\u2019 Short Story & Essay Writing<\/em>, 1991, pp. 77-80 [\ubc88\uc5ed\uc740 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uacf5\uc2dd \uad6d\uc5ed\ubcf8\uc740 \uac00\uc0b0 \uce74\ub098\ud30c\ub2c8, \uc724\ud76c\ud658 \uc5ed, \u300e\ub728\uac70\uc6b4 \ud0dc\uc591 \uc544\ub798\uc11c\u300f, \uc5f4\ub9bc\uc6d0, 2026\uc5d0 \uc218\ub85d\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>2<\/a><\/span> \ud30c\ucfe0\ub974\ub294 \uc778\uccb4\uc758 \uac15\uc778\ud568\uacfc \uc720\uc5f0\uc131, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 (\uc8fc\ub85c \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758) \uc8fc\uc704 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uccb4\uc870 \ubc0f \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\ud2b8 \ub304\uc2a4\uc640 \uacb0\ud569\ub41c \uad70\uc0ac \uc7a5\uc560\ubb3c \ucf54\uc2a4 \ud6c8\ub828\uacfc \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\ub2e4. \uac1c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ub4e0 \ub2e8\uccb4\ub85c\ub4e0 \uacf5\uc5f0\uc744 \ud560 \ub54c \uacf5\uc5f0\uc790\ub294 \uc8fc\uc704 \uc9c0\ud615\uc9c0\ubb3c\uc744 \ub3cc\uc544\uac00\uace0 \ub118\uace0 \ud1b5\uacfc\ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \uc704\uc544\ub798\ub85c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc608\ub85c \uac00\uc790 \ud30c\ucfe0\ub974\u00b7\ud504\ub9ac\ub7ec\ub2dd \ud300\uc758 \ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ubd81 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\ub77c. https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Gaza.PKT<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>3<\/a><\/span> \ub9c8\ub77c \ub9c8\uc81c\ub4dc \uc5d8\uc640\ub514\uc544Marah Majed Elwadia<\/sup>\uc758 \uc778\uc2a4\ud0c0\uadf8\ub7a8 \uc8fc\uc18c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4. https:\/\/instagram.com\/marahgaza\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>4<\/a><\/span> \ucd5c\uadfc \uc0ac\ub840 \ub458\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uc790\uba74 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4. Refaat Alareer (ed.), Gaza Writes Back: Short Stories from Young Writers in Gaza, Palestine<\/em> (Chrlottesville, VA: Just World Books, 2014); Atef Abu Saif (ed.), The Book of Gaza: A City in Short Fiction<\/em> (Manchester: Carcanet Press Ltd., 2014).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>5<\/a><\/span> \uc608\ub85c \uc0ac\ub77c \uc54c-\uce74\ud2f0\ube0cSarah Al-Khatib<\/sup>\uc758 \ud540\ud130\ub808\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\ub77c. https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/sarahsos946\/my-paintings\/<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>6<\/a><\/span> \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-2734142\/People-Gaza-turn-RUBBLE-bucket-challenge-html<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>7<\/a><\/span> \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \ubc84\uc804\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nFtG3ZZKCSk<\/a> \ubc0f https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=S4gu27QVzOCc<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>8<\/a><\/span> \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=a5LuoVZNCXM<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>9<\/a><\/span> \ub4dc\ub860\uc758 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \ud45c\ud604\ud558\ub294 \uc758\ud0dc\uc5b4\ub85c, \ub0b4\uac00 \uc544\ub294 \ud55c \uac00\uc790 \ud2b9\uc720\uc758 \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>10<\/a><\/span> [\uc18c\ub828\uc758 \ubbf8\ud558\uc77c \uce7c\ub77c\uc2dc\ub2c8\ucf54\ud504\uac00 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud55c AK-47 \ub3cc\uaca9 \uc18c\ucd1d\uc758 \ud1b5\uce6d\uc778] \uce7c\ub77c\uc2dc\ub2c8\ucf54\ud504Kalashnikov<\/sup>\uc758 \ud604\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc74c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>11<\/a><\/span> \uc608\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. Mia Grondahl, Gaza Graffiti: Messages of Love and Politics<\/em> (Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2010); Bill Rolston, \u2018Messages of allegiance and defiance: the murals of Gaza,\u2019 Race & Class<\/em> 55(4), 2014, pp. 40-64; Julie Peteet, \u2018The writing on the walls: The graffiti of the Intifada,\u2019 Cultural Anthropology<\/em> 11(2), 1996, pp. 139-159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>12<\/a><\/span> 1967\ub144 \uc804\uc7c1 \uc774\ud6c4 \ub0a8\ubd80 \uc0ac\ub839\uad00\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc544\ub9ac\uc5d8 \uc0e4\ub860\uc740 \uc881\uc740 \ub09c\ubbfc\ucd0c \uace8\ubaa9\uc5d0 \uae38\uc744 \ub0b4\uc5b4 \ud0f1\ud06c\uc640 \ubb34\uc7a5 \ubcd1\ub825 \uc218\uc1a1 \ucc28\ub7c9\uc774 \uc27d\uac8c \ub2e4\ub2d0 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc218\ucc9c \ucc44\uc758 \uac00\uc625\uc744 \ubd88\ub3c4\uc800\ub85c \ubc00\uc5b4\ubc84\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uba85\ub839\uc744 \ub0b4\ub824 \u2018\ubd88\ub3c4\uc800\u2019\ub77c\ub294 \ubcc4\uba85\uc744 \uc5bb\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \ub77c\ud30c \ub09c\ubbfc\ucd0c\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\ub97c \ub450\uace0 \u2018\uc0e4\ub860 \ub300\ub85cSharon’s boulevards<\/sup>\u2019\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub974\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>13<\/a><\/span> \ub77c\ud30c \uc811\uacbd \uc606\uc5d0 \uc704\uce58\ud55c 14km\uc9dc\ub9ac \uacbd\uacc4 \uc9c0\ub300\ub85c, 1979\ub144 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uacfc \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\uc758 \ud3c9\ud654 \ud611\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ubb34\uc7a5 \uc644\ucda9 \uc9c0\ub300\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uacfc \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\ub294 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc774 \uc774\uacf3\uc744 \ud1b5\uc81c\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud569\uc758\ud588\ub2e4. \uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\uc9d1\ud2b8\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ub545\uad74\uc744 \ud310 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc774\uc790 1990\ub144\ub300 \uc774\ud6c4\ub85c \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uad70\uc774 \uac00\uc625\ub4e4\uc744 \ubc00\uace0 (\uac00\uc790 \ucabd\uc758) \uc644\ucda9 \uc9c0\ub300\ub97c \ud655\uc7a5\ud574 \uc628 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc774\uae30\uc5d0 \ubb34\uc218\ud55c \ud3ed\ub825\uc774 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc838 \uc628 \uacf3\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>\uc5ed\uc8fc1<\/a><\/span> \u201c\u201c\uac00\uc790 \uc9c0\uad6cstrip\u201d\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc740 1948\ub144 \ub098\ud06c\ubc14 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\uc57c \uc0dd\uaca8\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \uac00\uc790 \uc9c0\ubc29district\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ub7b5 1,196 \ud3c9\ubc29\ud0ac\ub85c\ubbf8\ud130\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub294 \ud06c\uae30\uc600\ub2e4. \ub098\ud06c\ubc14 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub294 \u2014 \uc6d0\ub798 \ud06c\uae30\uc758 1\/4\uc5d0 \ubabb \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \u2014 \uaca8\uc6b0 365 \ud3c9\ubc29\ud0ac\ub85c\ubbf8\ud130\ub85c \uc904\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1948\ub144 \uc774\uc804, \uac00\uc790 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc5d0\ub294 15\ub9cc \uba85\uc758 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\uc774 \uc0b4\uc558\ub2e4. \ub098\ud06c\ubc14 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub85c \ud615\uc131\ub41c \uac00\uc790 \uc9c0\uad6c \uc778\uad6c\ub294 28\ub9cc \uba85 \u2014 \uc6d0\ub798 \uc778\uad6c \uc911 8\ub9cc \uba85, \ub2e4\ub978 \uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \ud53c\ub780 \uc628 \ub09c\ubbfc 20\ub9cc \uba85 \u2014 \uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\uc5c8\ub2e4.\u201d \uc544\ubca0\ub4dc \uc544\ubd80 \uc0e4\ub370, \u300c\uac00\uc790 \uc778\uc885\ud559\uc0b4\uc740 \u2018\ubc84\uadf8\u2019\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4 \u2015 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uccb4\uc81c\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub2e4\u300d, 2025)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>14<\/a><\/span> \ubb3c\ub860 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c, \ub9d0\ud558\uc790\uba74 \u2018\uc815 \ubc18\ub300\ub85c\u2019 \uc77d\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub294 \uc5b5\uc555\uc774 \uc885\uc2dd\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \ucde8\ud568\uc744, \ud328\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ubb34\ub9ac \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \ub300\uc758\ub97c \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ub9c8\uce68\ub0b4 \ud639\uc740 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc2b9\ub9ac\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \uba87 \ubc88\uc774\uace0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \uc5b4\uca4c\uba74 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8\uc800 \ub9dd\uc0c1\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \ub17c\uc7c1\uc740 \ub05d\uc5c6\uc774 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \u2018\ud328\ubc30\uc790\u2019\ub294 \uc720\ub300\uc778\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uacfc\uc624\ub4e4\uc744 \u2018\ubc14\ub85c\uc7a1\uc740\u2019 \uacb0\uacfc\ub77c\uace0 \uc77d\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>15<\/a><\/span> \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. Helga Tawil-Souri, \u2018Digital Occupation: Gaza\u2019s High-Tech Enclosure,\u2019 Journal of Palestine Studies<\/em> 41(2), 2012, pp. 27-43.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>16<\/a><\/span> \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. Helga Tawil-Souri \u2018The Technological End Between the \u201cInside\u201d of Gaza and the \u201cOutside\u201d of Gaza,\u2019 7iber<\/em>, September 2014, https:\/\/www.7iber.com\/the-technological-end-between-the-inside-of-gaza-and-the-outside-of-gaza\/<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>17<\/a><\/span> Lisa Taraki, \u2018Urban Modernity on the Periphery: A New Middle Class Reinvents the Palestinian City,\u2019 Social Text<\/em> 26(2), 2008, pp. 61-81.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>18<\/a><\/span> \uc774\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\uac8c, \uc870\uc149 \ub9c8\uc0ac\ub4dcJoseph Massad<\/sup>\ub294 \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \u2018\uc7ac\uc559 \ub2f9\ud55c, \ud639\uc740 \uc7ac\ub09c \ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4catastrophe-d or disaster-ed people<\/sup>\u2019\uc744 \ub73b\ud558\ub294 \ub9cc\ucfe0\ube48mankubin<\/sup>\uc774\ub77c \ubd88\ub7ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud55c\ub2e4. Joseph Massad, \u2018Resisting the Nakba,\u2019 Al-Ahram Weekly 897 (15-21 May, 2008). http:\/\/weekly.ahram.org.eg\/2008\/897\/op8.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>19<\/a><\/span> Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, \u2018Agreed Documents on Movement and Access from and to Gaza,\u2019 15 November 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>20<\/a><\/span> \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uacf5\uc2dd \uae30\uad6c\ub4e4\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uad6d\ub0b4\uc678 \uc5b8\ub860\ub4e4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubbf8\uc0ac\uc77c \uc704\ud611 \uc9c0\ub3c4\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4. \u300a\uc608\ub8e8\uc0b4\ub818 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\u300b\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c \uc2e4\ub9b0 \ud55c \uc9c0\ub3c4\ub294 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. http:\/\/www.cameraoncampus.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/map.jpg<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d. IDF\uc758 \ud2b8\uc704\ud130\uc5d0 \uac8c\uc2dc\ub41c \uc9c0\ub3c4\ub294 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 \uc62c\ub77c\uc640 \uc788\ub2e4. http:\/\/www.idfblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Map-Amlach-new-EN1jpg<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d. IDF\ub294 \uac00\uc790\uc640 \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ub6ab\ub9b0, 2014\ub144 \uc5ec\ub984 \uc804\uc7c1 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc9c0\ud558 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub9dd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uac1c\ubbf8\ub5bc\ucc98\ub7fc \uc3df\uc544\uc838 \ub098\uc624\ub294 \ub545\uad74 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc7a5\uc744 \ud2b8\uc704\ud130\uc5d0 \uac8c\uc2dc\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\ub2e4. https:\/\/kristiann1.files.wordpress.com\/2014\/07\/10466976_812423412113864_7528886616213082666_0.jpg<\/a> \ubc0f http:\/\/honestreporting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/IDF-tunnels.jpg<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>\uc5ed\uc8fc2<\/a><\/span> \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8\uc758 \u201c\uc794\ub514 \uae4e\uae30\u201d<\/a> \uc804\uc220\uc744 \uac00\ub9ac\ud0a8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>21<\/a><\/span> \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \ucc38\ubaa8\ucd1d\uc7a5 \ubaa8\uc138 \uc57c\uc54c\ub860\uc740 2002\ub144\uc5d0 \uac00\uc790\ub97c \ub450\uace0 \u2018\ud654\ud559\uc694\ubc95\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud55c [\u2026] \uc2e4\uc874\uc801 \uc704\ud611\uc744 \uac00\ud558\ub294 [\u2026] \uc554\u2019\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud55c \ubc14 \uc788\ub2e4. Baruch Kimmerling, Politicide: Ariel Sharon\u2019s War Against the Palestinians<\/em> (New York: Verso, 2003), p. 165\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\uc778\uc6a9. 2014\ub144 \uc5ec\ub984 \uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uac00\uc790 \uc5ec\uc131\ub4e4\uc744 \uac15\uac04\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ud568\uc758\ub97c \ub764 \uc5ec\uc131\ud610\uc624\uc801, \ud3ed\ub825\uc801 \uc218\uc0ac\uac00 \ubab0\uc544\ucce4\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. David Sheen \u2018Israel\u2019s War Against Gaza\u2019s Women & Their Bodies\u2019 (23 July 2014): http:\/\/muftah.org\/israels-war-gazas-women-bodies\/<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d. \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uc815\ucc29\uc790 \uc2dd\ubbfc \uae30\ud68d\uc758 \uc778\uc885\ud654\ub41c \uc81c\uac70 \ub17c\ub9ac\uac00 \uad6c\uc870\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud314\ub808\uc2a4\ud0c0\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2e0\uccb4\uc640 \uc139\uc288\uc5bc\ub9ac\ud2f0\ub97c \ud45c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0bc\uc544 \uc628 \uae34 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, Sarah Ihmoud and Suhad Dahir-Nashif, \u2018Sexual Violence, Women\u2019s Bodies, and Israeli Settler Colonialism,\u2019 Jadaliyya<\/em> (17 November 2014): http:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/pages\/index\/19992\/sexual-violence-women\u2019s-bodies-and-israeli-settler<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>22<\/a><\/span> Atef Abu Saif, The Drone Eats With Me: Diaries from a City Under Fire<\/em> (London: Comma Press, 2015), p. 76.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>23<\/a><\/span> Eyal Weizman, \u2018The Art of War,\u2019 Frieze<\/em> 99, May 2006, http:\/\/www.frieze.com\/issue\/article\/the_art_of_war\/<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.
[24]<\/a><\/sup>: \uc815\uce58\uc801, \uacbd\uc81c\uc801, \uad70\uc0ac\uc801, \uc0c1\uc9d5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ube44\ub300\uce6d\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\uc2a4\ub77c\uc5d8 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ud3ec\uc704 \ub2f9\ud574 \uc788\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\uc784\uc744 \uc801\uc5b4\ub450\uc5b4\uc57c \ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>25<\/a><\/span> \uc608\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. Michael Dahan, \u2018The Gaza Strip as Panopticon and Panspectron: The Disciplining and Punishing of a Society,\u2019 Proceedings Cultural Attitudes Towards Technology and Communication<\/em>, 2012, pp.25-37, http:\/\/sammelpunkt.philo.at:8080\/2136\/<\/a>, 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>26<\/a><\/span> Paul Virilio, Desert Screen: War at the speed of light<\/em> (London: A&C Black, 2005). \uc608\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. John Collins, Global Palestine<\/em> (London: Hurst Publishers, 2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>27<\/a><\/span> \uc608\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c. Lisa Bhungalia, \u2018Im\/Mobilities in a \u201cHostile Territory\u201d: Managing the Red Line,\u2019 Geopolitics<\/em>, 17(2), 2012, pp. 256-275.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>28<\/a><\/span> Achille Mbembe, \u2018Necropolitics,\u2019 Public Culture<\/em> 15(1), 2003, pp. 11-40.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>29<\/a><\/span> [\ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4 urbs(\ub3c4\uc2dc)\uc640 cide(\uc0b4\ud574)\ub97c \uacb0\ud569\ud55c \uc870\uc5b4\ub2e4. \u2018\ub3c4\uc2dc \ud30c\uad34\u2019, \u2018\ub3c4\uc2dc \ud658\uacbd \ud30c\uad34\u2019 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4.] Stephen Graham, Cities Under Siege: The new military urbanism<\/em> (London: Verso Books, 2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>30<\/a><\/span> Derek Gregory, \u2018Defiled Cities,\u2019 Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography<\/em> 24(3), 2003, pp. 307-326.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>31<\/a><\/span> Saskia Sassen, \u2018When the city itself becomes a technology of war,\u2019 Theory, Culture & Society<\/em> 27.6 (2010): 33-50.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>32<\/a><\/span> Eyal Weizman, The Least of all Possible Evils: Humanitarian Violence from Arendt to Gaza<\/em> (London: Verso Books, 2012), p.96.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>33<\/a><\/span> \ud37c\uac70\uc2a8\uacfc \uac00\uc790\uc758 \uc720\uc0ac\uc810\uacfc \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc744 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud3ed\ub113\uac8c \ubd84\uc11d\ud55c \uae00\uc740 David Palumbo-Liu, \u2018Ferguson and Gaza: The definitive study of how they are and are not similar\u2019 Salon<\/em> (22 August 2014), http:\/\/www.salon.com\/2014\/08\/22\/ferguson_and_gaza_the_definitive_study_of_how_they_are_and_are_not_similar\/<\/a>\uc774\ub2e4. 2016\ub144 1\uc77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uc811\uc18d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

↥<\/sup>34<\/a><\/span> \uc758\ub3c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc870 \uc0ac\ucf54Joe Sacco<\/sup>\uac00 \uc4f4 \ucc45\uc758 \uc81c\ubaa9\uacfc \u2018\uc5ed\uc0ac\ub294 \uac01\uc8fc \uc5c6\uc774\ub3c4 \ub098\uc544\uac08 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uac01\uc8fc\ub294 \uc81c\uc544\ubb34\ub9ac \uadf8\ub798\ubd10\uc57c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4\u2019\ub77c\ub294 \ub300\ubaa9\uc744 \ube44\ud2bc \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. Joe Sacco, Footnotes in Gaza: A graphic novel<\/em> (London: Macmillan, 2009), p. 8.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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