{"id":1591,"date":"2025-03-02T22:47:59","date_gmt":"2025-03-02T13:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/slowlyaspossible.net\/memoranda\/?p=1591"},"modified":"2025-07-06T15:51:26","modified_gmt":"2025-07-06T06:51:26","slug":"%ec%a0%95%ec%8b%a0-%ea%b1%b4%ea%b0%95%ea%b3%bc-%ed%9d%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%af%b8%eb%9e%98-%e2%80%95-%ec%9d%b4%ec%a4%91%ec%9d%98-%ed%8c%ac%eb%8d%b0%eb%af%b9-%ec%86%8d-%ec%82%b6-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/slowlyaspossible.net\/memoranda\/1591\/","title":{"rendered":"[\ubc88\uc5ed] \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uacfc \ud751\uc778\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798 \u2015 \uc774\uc911\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc18d \uc0b6, \ud0c4\uc0dd, \ub3cc\ubd04 (\ub098\ub514\uc544 \uc74c\ubcf8\ub370, 2025)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"headnote\">\uc6d0\ubb38: Nadia Mbonde, &#8220;Mental Health and Black Futurity \u2015 <em>Life, Birth, and Caregiving in Double Pandemic<\/em>,&#8221; in: Mara Mills, Harris Kornstein, Faye Ginsburg, and Rayna Rapp edited, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/opensquare.nyupress.org\/books\/9781479830909\/\">How to Be Disabled in a Pandemic<\/a><\/em>, NYU Press, 2025.<br>\uc0bd\uc785\uc740 \uc5ed\uc790\uc758 \uac83\uc740 \u3014, \u3015\ub85c, \uc800\uc790\uc758 \uac83\uc740 [, ]\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud588\ub2e4. \uac01\uc8fc\ub294 \uc800\uc790\uc758 \uac83\uc740 \uc6d0\ubb38\ub300\ub85c \uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544 \uc22b\uc790\ub85c, \uc5ed\uc790\uc758 \uac83\uc740 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc790\ub85c \uc21c\uc11c\ub97c \ub9e4\uacbc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20\ub300 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74\uacc4 \ud478\uc5d0\ub974\ud1a0\ub9ac\ucf54\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131\uc778 \uc70c\ub85c\uc5d0\uac8c \uaca9\ub9ac\uac00 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub099\uc778\uc744 \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub290\ub0d0\uace0 \ubb3c\uc73c\ub2c8 \uadf8\ub140\uac00 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub2f5\ud55c\ub2e4. &#8220;\uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uac70\uc608\uc694, \ube44\uad50 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \uc0dd\uae34 \uac70\ub2c8\uae4c. \ud798\ub4e0 \uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \ubcf4\ub0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uac70\ub098 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uac83 \uac19\uc740 \uae30\ubd84\uc774 \ub4e0\ub2e4\uac70\ub098 \ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ud560 \ub54c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uaca0\uc8e0, &#8216;\uc74c, \uc544\ubb34\ub3c4 \uc544\ubb34\uac83\ub3c4 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \ubd09\uc1c4 \uae30\uac04 \ub54c\ub77c\ub4e0\uac00, \uaca9\ub9ac \uc5b4\ub560\uc5b4? \ub098\ub294 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uadf8\ub7f0 \ub290\ub08c\uc778 \uac70\uc57c.&#8217; \uc774\ub7f0 \ube44\uad50\uac00 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \ub354 \uc798 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uac70\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\uc694. \ud76c\ub9dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9d0\ud558\uc790\uba74 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc774 \ub354 \uc2e0\uacbd\uc4f0\uac8c \ud574\uc8fc\uae30\ub3c4 \ud560 \ud14c\uace0. \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \uadf8\ub7f4\uc9c4 \ubaa8\ub974\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub7ec\uae38 \ubc14\ub77c\uc694.&#8221;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\uc70c\ub85c\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud574 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac00\uba85\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc2dd\ubcc4 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc815\ubcf4\ub3c4 \uc228\uacbc\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ubc1c\ucdcc\ubb38\uc740 Mobonde&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_1');\">(\uacc4\uc18d)<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc70c\ub85c\ub294 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc0b4\uae30\uc5d0 \uc138\uc0c1\uc774 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc218\uc6a9\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud3ec\uc6a9\uc801\uc778 \uacf3\uc774 \ub418\uae30\ub97c \uac04\uc808\ud788 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \ub3d9\uc548\uc758 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc801 \uace0\ub9bd \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \uadf8\ub140\uc758 \uc0c1\uc0c1\uc744 \uc2e4\ud604\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c \ubbff\ub294\ub2e4. \uc70c\ub85c\uc758 \ub9d0\uc740 \ub0b4\uac00 2020\ub144\uc5d0 \ub274\uc695 \uba54\ud2b8\ub85c \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc0b4\uc544\uac00\ub294 11\uba85\uacfc \uc628\ub77c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uac70\ub9ac\ub450\uae30 \ud654\uc0c1 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub09c \ud751\uc778\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\uc0c1\ub4e4 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc7a5\uc740 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0 \uc9c4\ud589\ud55c \uc5ec\ub35f \uac74\uc758 \uc9c8\uc801 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\uc640 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 2021\ub144\ubd80\ud130 2022\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \ucd94\uac00\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ud55c \uc5f4\uc5ec\ub35f \uac74\uc758 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc758 \ud1a0\ub300\ub85c \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8 \uc77c\ubd80\ub97c \uc18c\uac1c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uacbd\ud5d8\ub4e4\uc740 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc640 \uacbd\ucc30 \uc794\ud639\ud589\uc704\ub77c\ub294 \ub300\ub780, \ub098\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud574 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 &#8220;\uc774\uc911\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9&#8221;\uc774\ub77c \ubd80\ub974\ub294 \ub300\ub780 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ud751\uc778\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\uc0c1\uc744 \ubd84\uba85\ud788 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc9c0\uae08 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\uc0c1\uc744 \uace0\ucc30\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud574 \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\ucf00 \ub9cc\ub4e6\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc989 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85[\uc0b6]\uc744 \ud30c\uad34\ud558\ub824 \ub4dc\ub294 \uc81c\uad6d\uc8fc\uc758-\ubc31\uc778-\uc6b0\uc6d4\uc8fc\uc758-\uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758-\uac00\ubd80\uc7a5\uc81c\uc758 \ud798\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uad74\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85[\uc0b6]\uc774 \uc0dd\uc874\ud558\uace0 \ubc88\ucc3d\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ud751\uc778\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85\uc740 \ubc84\ub824\ub3c4 \ub418\ub294disposabe \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uae30\uc874\uc758 \uac1c\ub150\uc5d0 \uc800\ud56d\ud55c\ub2e4 (hooks and Guy-Sheftall 2015). \uc774 \uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub300\ub780\uacfc \ubbf8\ub798\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubbfc\uc871\uc9c0\uc801 \uc77c\ud654\ub4e4\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574, \uc625\ud0c0\ube44\uc544 \ubc84\ud2c0\ub7ecOctavia Butler\uc758 \uc608\uc5b8\uc801\uc778 SF \uc18c\uc124 \u300e\uc528\uc557\uc744 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc6b0\ud654Parable of the Sower\u300f(1993) \u2015 \uc791\uae08\uc758 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9, \uc9c0\uae08 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uacaa\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc885\ub9d0\uae30last-stage \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \uc545\uc601\ud5a5\uacfc \ub2e4\ub97c \uac83 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc544\ud3ec\uce7c\ub9bd\uc2a4 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ud751\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\ub97c \uc77c\uad6c\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \u2015 \uc744 \uacbd\uc720\ud55c \uc544\ud504\ub85c\ubbf8\ub798\uc8fc\uc758Afrofuturism\uc640\uc758 \ub300\ud654\ub97c \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub0b4\uac00 \uc4f0\ub294 &#8220;\uc774\uc911\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc740 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc640 \uacb9\uce5c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc2dc\ub300\uc815\uc2e0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc628 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. 2020\ub144 \uc5ec\ub984\uc5d0 \uc870\uc9c0 \ud50c\ub85c\uc774\ub4dcGeorge Floyd\uac00 \ubbf8\ub124\uc18c\ud0c0 \uacbd\ucc30\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0b4\ud574\ub41c \ud6c4, \ub098\uc640 \ub300\ud654\ub97c \ub098\ub208 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774\ub098 \u300a\uc77c\uc77c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uac70\ub9ac\ub450\uae30 \uc1fcThe Daily Social Distancing Show\u300b \uc9c4\ud589\uc790\uc778 \ucf54\ubbf8\ub514\uc5b8 \ud2b8\ub808\ubc84 \ub178\uc544 \uac19\uc740 \ubb38\ud654 \ube44\ud3c9\uac00\ub4e4\uc740 \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \uc794\ud639\ud589\uc704\ub77c\ub294 \ubc30\uacbd \uc55e\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ub17c\uc758\ud588\ub2e4. \uc544\uc774\uc791 \uc544\ub3c4Isaac Addo(2020)\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ubc1c\ubc1c \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0 \uc804\uc9c0\uad6c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ube44\uc2dc\ubbfc\uad8c\uc790\uc640 \uc720\uc0c9\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c, \ud2b9\ud788 \ud569\uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3d9\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc778, \ub3d9\ub0a8\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc778\uc885 \ucc28\ubcc4\uc774 \ud655\uc0b0\ub41c \uac83\uc744 \ub17c\uc758\ud558\uba70 &#8220;\uc774\uc911\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc744 \uc4f4\ub2e4. \uc7ac\ub2cc \uc874\uc2a4Janine Jones(2021)\ub294 &#8220;\uc774\uc911\uc758dual \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub85c \uad50\uc721 \uccb4\uc81c \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\uc0c9\uc778 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc758 \uc774\ubbf8 \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \ub354\uc6b1 \uc545\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc640 \uccb4\uc81c \uc0c1\uc758 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc904\ub9ac\uc544 \uc624\ud30c\ub77cJulia Oparah\uc640 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc758 \ucc98\uc74c \ubc18 \ub144\ub3d9\uc548 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc774 \uc608\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uac70\ub098 \ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\ud55c \uc591\uc721\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \ub3c4\uc6b4 \ud751\uc778 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790birth worker\uc758 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c, \ubcd1\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c \uc870\uce58\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0labor support\uc774 \uce58\uba85\uc801\uc778 \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\uc790\ub790\ub358 \uac83\uc744 &#8220;\uc704\uae30 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub36e\uce5c \uc704\uae30&#8221;\ub85c \ubb18\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4 (2021, 3). \uc798\ub9ac\uc2dc\uc544 \uc878\ub9acJallicia Jolly(2021)\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819, \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758, \ud751\uc778 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc704\uae30\ub77c\ub294 \uc0bc\uc911\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4. \uacf5\uc911\ubcf4\uac74\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc640 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc774\ub098 \ub9cc\uc131 \uc9c8\ud658\uc758 \uc911\ucca9\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud558\ub294 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \uace0\uc548\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0 &#8220;\uc2e0\ub370\ubbf9syndemic \uad00\uc810&#8221;\uc744 \ub3c4\uc785\ud588\ub2e4 (Saqib, Qureshi, and Butt 2023). \uc9c0\uae08\uc758 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub2e4\uc911 \uc7ac\ub09c \ub2f4\ub860\uc740 \uae30\ud6c4 \uc704\uae30\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub0b4\uac00 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\ud55c \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc774\uc57c\uae30 \ud558\ub098\ud558\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc774\uc911\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc740 \uc120\uba85\ud788 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0ac\ub2e4. \ub9e4 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\uc758 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790 \ubaa8\ub450, \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uc778\uc885\uc801 \uac74\uac15 \uaca9\ucc28\uc640, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud751\uc778 \ub300\uc0c1 \uacbd\ucc30 \uc794\ud639\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucd08\uad6d\uac00\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8\uacfc \ub5bc\uc5b4 \ub193\uace0\ub294 \ub9d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud1b5\uacc4\ub294 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \uac10\uc5fc, \uc785\uc6d0, \uc0ac\ub9dd \ube44\uc728\uc774 \ubc31\uc778\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4 (Vasquez Reyes 2020). \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud604\uc2e4\uc774 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \uac10\uc5fc\uc5d0 \ubd88\uc548\uc744 \uac16\uac8c \ud588\ub2e4. \ud569\uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\ucc30\uc774 \uc544\ud750\ub9c8\ub4dc \uc544\ubc84\ub9acAhmaud Arbery, \ube0c\ub9ac\uc624\ub098 \ud14c\uc77c\ub7ecBreonna Taylor, \uc870\uc9c0 \ud50c\ub85c\uc774\ub4dcGeorge Floyd \ub4f1\uc744 \uc5f0\uc774\uc5b4 \uc0b4\ud574\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \ucd09\ub9e4\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc8fd\uc74c\uc740 \uc18c\uc15c \ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0 \uc9c0\uad6c \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\ud5a5\uc744 \uc77c\uc73c\ucf30\ub2e4. \ub274\uc695\uc744 \ube44\ub86f\ud574, \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc720\uc0c9\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacbd\ucc30 \ud3ed\ub825\uc774 \ub9cc\uc5f0\ud55c \uc218\ucc9c \uac1c \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ud751\uc778\uc758\uc0dd\uba85\uc740\uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4Black Lives Matter \uc2dc\uc704\uac00 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\uc911\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc744 \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uc804 \uc9c0\uad6c\uc801 \uc704\uae30\ub294 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\uace0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uacaa\uac8c \ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\uc911 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc740 \uc790\uc0b4\uacbd\ud5a5\uc131, \uacf5\ud669 \ubc1c\uc791, \uc6b0\uc6b8, \ubd88\uc548, \ub2f9\ub1e8\ub098 \uc2ec\uc7a5\uc9c8\ud658 \uac19\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uae30\uc800 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uc545\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc815\uc2e0\uc2e0\uccb4\uc99d \ub4f1\uc758 \uc99d\uc0c1\uc744 \uc77c\uc73c\ucf1c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\ub2e4. \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc7a5\uc560 \uc544\ub3d9\uc744 \ub454 \uc591\uc721\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ub354\ud588\ub2e4. \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub3cc\ubcf4\ub294 \uc77c\uc740 \uace0\uc0ac\ud558\uace0 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\uc870\ucc28, \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc758 \uc870\ub825\uc774\ub098 \uc790\uc6d0\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc84c\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ud751\uc778\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uc801, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc7ac\uc0c1\uc0b0\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud574, \uc774 \uc7a5 \ud6c4\ubc18\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0 \uc784\uc2e0\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub098 \uc591\uc721\uc790\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uad00\ub828 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc545\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcfc \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uac00 \ud751\uc778 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc5d0 \uc785\ud78c \ud0c0\uaca9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub0a8\ubd80 \ucd9c\uc2e0\uc758 \uc131\uc2e4\ud55c \uad00\ub9ac\uc778\uc774\uc790 \uc870\ubaa8\uc778 \uc0ac\ub514\ub294 \uac74\uac15 \uc810\uac80wellness check \uc911\uc5d0 \uacbd\ucc30\uacfc \ub2ec\uac11\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ub300\uce58\ub97c \uacaa\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub140\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc740 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ud751\uc778\uc774 \uc774\uc911 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub140\uc758 \uc790\uc0b4 \uc0ac\uace0\uac00 \uc545\ud654\ub418\uc790 \uadf8\ub140\uac00 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0\uc9c0 \ubaa8\uc784\uc758 \ubc31\uc778 \ud68c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \ud300\uc5d0 \uc5f0\ub77d\ud574 \uadf8\ub140\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubd10 \ub2ec\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ud751\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \uac00\ud560\uc9c0\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ud55c \ud589\ub3d9\uc774\uc5c8\ub294\ub370, \ubc29\ubb38 \uac74\uac15 \uc810\uac80\uc740 \uc77c\ucc28\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacbd\ucc30\uc774 \ub9e1\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uacbd\ucc30\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc751\uae09 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uc9c4\uc815\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc774 \uc5c6\uae30\uc5d0, \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \ub4f1\uc7a5\uc740 \uc704\uae30 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ubd80\uc0c1\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ub9dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\ub2e4. \uc0cc\ub4dc\ub77c \ube14\ub79c\ub4dcSandra Bland, \ud0c0\ub2c8\uc0e4 \uc564\ub354\uc2a8Tanisha Anderson, \ub370\ubcf4\ub77c \ub300\ub108Deborah Danner, \uc5d0\uc824 \ud3ec\ub4dcEzell Ford, \ub2e4\ub2c8\uc5d8 \ud504\ub8e8\ub4dcDaniel Prude, \uc6d4\ud130 \uc6d4\ub9ac\uc2a4 \uc8fc\ub2c8\uc5b4Walter Wallace Jr. \ub4f1 \uc774\ub984\uc774 \ud574\uc2dc\ud0dc\uadf8\uac00 \ub41c, \uc0b4\ud574 \ub2f9\ud55c \ud751\uc778 \ub2e4\uc218\uac00 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc\uc801 \uc704\uae30\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \uac74\uac15 \uc810\uac80\uc744 \ubc1b\ub2e4\uac00 \ucd1d\uc5d0 \ub9de\uac70\ub098 \uacbd\ucc30 \uad6c\uae08 \uc911\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ud588\ub2e4 (Katz and Bradley 2020). \uc774\ub97c \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub514\ub294 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. &#8220;\uc800\ub294 [\uacbd\uad00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c] \uc0c1\ub0e5\ud558\uac8c \ub300\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \ub0b4\ub0b4 \ucd1d\uc5d0 \uc190\uc744 \uc5b9\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc5b4\uc694. \ud751\uc778\uc778 \uc870\uce74\uac00 \uc640 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uadf8\uc5d0\uac8c \ubb34\uc2a8 \uc77c\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\ub294 \uac8c \uc2eb\uc5c8\uc5b4\uc694. \uc800\ub97c \ub3c4\uc640\uc8fc\ub7ec \uc624\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \ucc38\uc774\uc5c8\uac70\ub4e0\uc694. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc790\uc9c4\ud574\uc11c [\uacbd\uad00\ub4e4\uacfc] \ud568\uaed8 \uac14\uc5b4\uc694. \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc77c\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\ub294 \uac74 \uc2eb\uc5c8\uac70\ub4e0\uc694, \u2026&#8221;. \uc870\uce74\uac00 \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \uc190\uc5d0 \uc8fd\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc740 \uc785\uc5d0 \uc62c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\uc11c, \uc0ac\ub514\ub294 \ub9d0\uc744 \uc5bc\ubc84\ubb34\ub9b0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uacbd\ucc30\uc774 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ud751\uc778\uc744 \ube44\uc778\ub3c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc, \ub0b4\uac00 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ub098\ub208 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\uc0c1\uc744 \uac1c\ub150\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc9c8\ubb38 \ud558\ub098\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4. <strong>\ud751\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc774 \ub099\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uac70\ub098 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ud615 \uc120\uace0\uac00 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uac83\uc778\uac00?<\/strong> \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac01\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub2f5\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc608\ucee8\ub300, \uad6d\uc81c \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uae30\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uacf5 \uc815\ucc45, \uc639\ud638 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ub9e1\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc870\uc288\uc544\ub294 \uc9c0\uc5ed \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4 \uae30\ubc18 \uc704\uae30 \ub300\uc751 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uc2dc\ud589\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc77c\ucc28 \ub300\uc751\uc5d0 \uacbd\ucc30\uc774 \uad00\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uacf5\uac10 \uc5b4\ub9b0 \uc870\ub825\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uace0 \uac01 \uc0ac\ub840\ubcc4 \ucc28\uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ube44\ud310\uc801 \uac10\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ucd98, \uc0b4\uc544\uc9c4 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\ub8ccpeer\ub4e4\uc744 \ucc44\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc774\ub2e4. \uc870\uc288\uc544\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uae30\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0\uc9c0 \ubaa8\uc784 \ub9e4\ub2c8\uc800 \uce90\uc2dc\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ubc1c\ubc1c \ucd08\uae30\uc778 2020\ub144 3\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ud751\uc778 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc9c0\uc9c0 \ubaa8\uc784\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. \ubc31\uc778 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc758 \ubc18\ubc1c\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774 \ube44\ub300\uba74 \uc9c0\uc9c0 \ubaa8\uc784\uc740 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc720\uba85\uc778\uc758 \uae30\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uccab \ubaa8\uc784\uc744 \uc5f4\uace0 \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uaca9\ub9ac\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub358 \ud751\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub3d9\ub8cc \uae30\ubc18 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud588\ub2e4. \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uacfc \uad50\uac10\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uaca9\uc8fc \uc90c \ubaa8\uc784\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc11d\ud574 \uc790\uac00 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc744 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ud558\uba74\uc11c, \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ud751\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ub098\uc774, \uc131\ubcc4, \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc560\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc720\ub300\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud588\ub2e4. \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc99d\uc0c1\uacfc \ucd09\ubc1c \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ud301\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\uace0 \uc57d\uc774\ub098 \uc6d0\uaca9 \ucc98\ubc29 \uc81c\uacf5\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uad50\ud658\ud558\uace0 \uc774\uc911 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc77c\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uacf5\uac10\uc744 \ub098\ub204\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788, \uc774 \ubaa8\uc784\uc740 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uacf5\uac04\uc740 \ub099\uc778\uacfc \ucc28\ubcc4\uc758 \ube44\uc778\uac04\ud654 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub35c\uc5c8\uace0, \ub054\ucc0d\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ud68c\ubcf5\ud558\uace0 \uc0dd\uc874\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ucd95\ud558\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub2e4\ub978 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\ub3c4 \ube44\ub300\uba74 \uc548\uc804 \uacf5\uac04\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub514\ub294 \uc6d0\uaca9 \uc0c1\ub2f4, \uc6d0\uaca9 \uc9c4\ub8cc \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ube44\ub300\uba74 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ub3cc\ubd04\uc758 \uc774\uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4. \uc624\uac00\ub294 \uae38\uc774\ub098 \ub300\uae30\uc2e4, \ucf54\ub85c\ub098\uc5d0 \ub178\ucd9c\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc7a5\uc18c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\ub3c4 \ub420 \ubfd0\ub354\ub7ec, \uc0ac\ub514\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\uc5b4 \uc6d0\uaca9 \ub3cc\ubd04[\uc758\ub8cc]\uc740 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub099\uc778\uc744 \uc904\uc5ec \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uaca9\ub9ac \uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uc720\ubc1c\ud558\uae34 \ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\uc81c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ucc98\ud560 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \ud1b5\ub85c \u2015 \uc6d0\uaca9 \uc9c4\ub8cc, \uc6d0\uaca9 \uc0c1\ub2f4, \uc628\ub77c\uc778 \uc9c0\uc9c0 \ubaa8\uc784 \ub4f1\ub4f1 \u2015 \ub97c \uac16\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc88b\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub514\ub294 \uc9c4\ub8cc\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc758\ub8cc\uc778\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\ub3c4 \ub418\ub294 \uc774\ub7f0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ub3cc\ubd04 \uc120\ud0dd\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud070 \uc775\uba85\uc131\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba74\uc11c, &#8220;\ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4&#8221;\uace0 \ubcf8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub140\ub294 &#8220;<strong>\ub531 \uc88b\uc740<\/strong> \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4 [\ud130\ub77c\uc9c0 P. \ud5e8\uc2a8, \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4 \ub85d, \uba54\uac74 \ub9c8\ud074, \uce78\uc608 \uc6e8\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac19\uc740 \uc720\uba85\uc778\ub4e4]\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uacaa\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \uc788&#8221;\uc73c\uba70 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub4dd\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub978 \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac00\ud639\ud588\ub358 \uc2dc\uae30\uc758, \uae30\ub300\uce58 \uc54a\uc558\ub358 \uc7a5\uc810\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubb34\uc6a9\uc218\uc774\uc790 \uad50\uc0ac, \ub458\ub77cdoula\uc778 \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\ub294 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \uc778\uac04\uc131\uc774 \uc628\uc804\ud788 \uc778\uc815 \ubc1b\ub294 \ub610 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798 \ub3c4\ub378\uc744 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud55c\ub2e4.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\uc774 \uac00\uba85\uc740 \u300e\uc528\uc557\uc744 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc6b0\ud654\u300f\uc758 \uc8fc\uc778\uacf5 \ub85c\ub80c \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c \ub530\uc628 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> \uadf8\ub140\ub294 \uc808\uce5c\ud55c \uce5c\uad6c \ud55c \uba85\uc744 \uc783\uace0 \uc2ac\ud514\uc5d0 \ube60\uc9c4 \uc640\uc911\uc758 \uc774\uc911 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uc804\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub140\ub294 \uce5c\uad6c\ub97c \uc560\ub3c4\ud558\ub358 \uc911\uc5d0 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud55c \ubc31\uc778\uc758 \uc5f0\ub300 \ud0dc\ub3c4allyship\uc5d0 \ube44\uc778\uac04\ud654 \ub418\ub294 \uae30\ubd84\uc744 \ub290\uaf08\ub2e4. \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\ub294 \ud751\uc778\uc758\uc0dd\uba85\uc740\uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4 \uc2dc\uc704\uc5d0 \ud569\uc138\ud558\uace0 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \uace4\uacbd\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uba70 \uc790\uae30\ub124 \uad00\uacc4\ub9dd \uc18d\uc758 \ud751\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\uac00\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \ud751\uc778\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uac11\uc791\uc2a4\ub7f0 \uac01\uc131\uc5d0 \uc88c\uc808\uac10\uc744 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&#8220;\uac70\ub300\ud55c \uc2ac\ud514&#8221; \u2015 \ubcf4\ud3b8\uc801 \ud751\uc778 \uc5b5\uc555 \u2015 \uc5d0 \ubb34\uac8c\ub97c \uc2e4\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ubc31\uc778 \uc5f0\ub300\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\uc758 \uc778\uac04\uc131\uc744 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uac15\ud654\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c, \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\ub294 \ud751\uc778\uc758 \uc0b6\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc31\uc778 \uc5f0\ub300\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 (\ubcf4\ud1b5 \uc7a0\uae50\uc778) \uc9c0\uc9c0\ub97c \ub04c\uc5b4\ub0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \uc2ac\ud514 \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc0ac\uc18c\ud55c \uc2ac\ud514\ub3c4 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \ubbf8\ub798\ub97c \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc2e4\uc5c5\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud754\ud55c \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uacbd\ud5d8\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\ub294 &#8220;[\uacbd\uae30 \ubd80\uc591 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uae08\uacfc \uc2e4\uc5c5 \uae09\uc5ec\ub97c \uc900] \ucf00\uc5b4\uc2a4CARES \ubc95\uc774 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uac1c\uc120\ud574\uc8fc\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\uc5b4\uc694, \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uaca9\ub9ac \uccab \uba87 \ub2ec \ub3d9\uc548 \ud558\ub294 \uac8c \ub108\ubb34 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc11c \ub3c8\uc744 \uaf64 \ubaa8\uc558\uc8e0. \uc0b4\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\ub294 \uc9d1 \uc6d4\uc138\ub97c \ub0b4\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370\ub3c4\uc694. \uc678\uc2dd\uc744 \uc548 \ud588\uc5b4\uc694. \uc9c0\ud558\ucca0\ub3c4 \uc548 \ud0d4\uace0. \uadf8\ub0e5 \uc0ac\ub294 \uac83\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc77c\uc744 \ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0ac\ub294 \uac8c \ub3c8\uc774 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \ub4e0\ub2e4\ub294 \uac78 \uc54c\uac8c \ub3fc\uc11c \uc880 \uadf8\ub7ac\uc8e0.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\uc640\ub294 \ub300\uc870\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc70c\ub85c\ub294 \uace0\uc6a9 \ubcf4\ud5d8\uc774 \uc790\uae30 \ub3cc\ubd04 \ud65c\ub3d9, \uc0c1\ub2f4, \ubcf5\uc57d \uad00\ub9ac\ub97c \uc12c\uc138\ud558\uac8c \uc870\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uace0 \uc774\uc81c\ub294 \uc77c\ud130\ub85c \ubcf5\uadc0\ud560 \uc790\uc2e0\uac10\uc774 \uc0dd\uacbc\ub2e4. \uc790\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub354 \uc798 \uc54c\uac8c \ub418\uace0 \uc6b4\ub3d9, \uc694\uac00, \uba85\uc0c1, \ubcf5\uc57d, \ub9c8\uc774\ud06c\ub85c\ub3c4\uc9d5microdosing\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 &#8220;\uc790\uae30 \uc911\uc2ec\uc744 \uc7a1\ub294&#8221; \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud0a4\uc6c0\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc70c\ub85c\ub294 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc5d0 \uc9d3\ub20c\ub9b4 \ub54c \ub300\uac1c \uadf8\ub798 \uc654\ub4ef \uace7\uc7a5 \uc77c\uc744 \uadf8\ub9cc \ub450\ub294 \ub300\uc2e0 \ud734\uc2dd\uc744 \uac16\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud3b8\uc758\ub97c \ubd10\ub2ec\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc790\uc2e0 \uc788\uac8c \uc694\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc7a5\uc560\u00b7\ub3d9\ubb3c \uad8c\ub9ac \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\uc774\uc790 \uc791\uac00, \ud559\uc790\uc778 \uc218\ub098\uc6b0\ub77c \ud14c\uc77c\ub7ecSunaura Taylor\ub294 \uc70c\ub85c\uc640 \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\uac00 \uc77c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub290\ub080 \ubc14\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ud568\uc758\ub97c \uc801\uc808\ud558\uac8c \ud45c\ud604\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud14c\uc77c\ub7ec(2004)\uac00 \ucc9c\uba85\ud558\uae30\ub85c, &#8220;\uc77c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub780 \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc758 \uac00\uce58\uac00 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc131\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574, \ucde8\uc9c1 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774\ub098 \ubd09\uae09\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uaddc\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uad8c\ub9ac\uc774\ub2e4.&#8221; \ud14c\uc77c\ub7ec\ub294 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ube44\ud310\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc7a5\uc560\uc778\uc774 \ub178\ub3d9\uc744 \ubb3c\uc2e0\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uacbd\ub825\uc744 \ub0ad\ub9cc\ud654\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc784\uae08 \ub178\ub3d9\uc758 \uc218\ud589\uc744 \uad81\uadf9\uc801\uc778 \uc790\uc720\ub85c \uc5ec\uae30\ub3c4\ub85d \uc138\ub1cc \ub2f9\ud574 \uc654\ub2e4&#8221;\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\uc640 \uc70c\ub85c\ub294 \uc2e4\uc5c5\uc774 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc7ac\uc815\uc801 \uc548\uc815\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uae0d\uc815\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uadf8\uc800 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub530\ub978 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ub0b4\uc801 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uc54c\uc544 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc774 \uc720\ubc1c\ud55c \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\ud669\ub4e4\uc740 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\ub4e4\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \ud14c\uc77c\ub7ec\uac00 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud558\ub294 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud574\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \ub3cc\ubd04 \uccb4\uc81c\ub97c \uc2e4\ucc9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 \ub098\ub098 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544 \uc591\uc721\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc608\uae30\uce58 \ubabb\ud55c \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uacf5\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uac00 \uc654\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc640 \uace0\uc870\ub41c \ubaa8\uc131 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>2020\ub144\uc5d0 \ub0b4\uac00 \uccab \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub0b3\uace0 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \uc9c0\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ucc3e\uc544\uc628 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc740 \ub0b4\uac8c \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \ubab8\uc18c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ubc30\uc6b8 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc, \ub098\uc758 \ubbfc\uc871\uc9c0 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc758 \uc704\ud611 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\ub4e4\uc744 \ud5e4\uccd0\ub098\uac00\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc784\uc2e0 \uc911\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790postpartum interlocutors\ub97c \uc601\uc720\uc544\uc758 \uc591\uc721\uc790parents\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 &#8220;\uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8&#8221; \ub300\uc2e0 \ud639\uc740 \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub354\ud574 &#8220;\uc784\uc2e0 \uc911\uc774\uac70\ub098&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_3');\">(\uacc4\uc18d)<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> \ub274\uc695 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub294 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790 \uc544\ud649 \uba85\uacfc \ucd94\uac00 \ud654\uc0c1 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370, \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \ud639\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc608\uc815\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131, \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\ub85c \uc815\uccb4\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc775\uba85\uc131 \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc774\ub984\uacfc \uc5ec\ud0c0 \ubcf8\uc778 \uc2dd\ubcc4 \uc815\ubcf4\ub294 \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4 \uc801\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc0c1\ud669\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc774\ub7f0 \uc790\uac00 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9ac\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \ud130\uc600\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud55c \uc784\uc2e0, \uc0b0\ud6c4 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790 \ubaa8\ub450\uac00 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc7a5\uc560\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uacf5\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc774\ub4e0 \uc790\uac00 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc774\ub4e0 \uc5f0\uad6c \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud754\ud788 \ub3d9\uc77c\uc2dc\ud55c \uc9c4\ub2e8\uba85\uc740 \uc6b0\uc6b8\uacfc \ubd88\uc548\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc740 \ub274\uc695\uacfc \ud569\uc911\uad6d \uc804\uc5ed\uc758 \uc608\ube44, \uc0c8 \uc591\uc721\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc5d0 \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ubd88\ud3c9\ub4f1\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0c8\ub2e4. \ub274\uc695\uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c, \ucd9c\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ud751\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131\uc758 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ubc31\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc5ec\ub35f \ubc30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f4\ub450 \ubc30 \ub192\ub2e4 (NYC Health, 2010). 2023\ub144 \ud604\uc7ac, \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \ucd08\uae30 \uba87 \ub144\uac04 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub41c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc218\uce58\ub294 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub274\uc695\uc2dc\uacf5\uc911\ubcf4\uac74\uae30\uae08Fund for Public Health NYC(2023)\uc758 \ubcf4\uace0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \ub274\uc695\uc2dc \ud751\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131, \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub294 \ubc31\uc778\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc784\uc2e0 \uad00\ub828 \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc728\uc774 \uc544\ud649 \ubc30 \ub192\ub2e4. \uc9c8\ubcd1\ud1b5\uc81c\uc13c\ud130\uc758 2022\ub144 \uc784\uc2e0 \uad00\ub828 \uc0ac\ub9dd \ubcf4\uace0\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \uae30\uc800 \uc0ac\ub9dd \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc790\uc0b4\uacfc \uc57d\ubb3c \uacfc\uc6a9\uc740 \ud569\uc911\uad6d \ubaa8\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c, \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30 \uc0ac\ub9dd\uc758 20%\ub97c \ucc28\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4 (Policy Center for Maternal Mental Health 2023; Raiff et al. 2022). \uc790\uc0b4\uacfc \uc57d\ubb3c \uacfc\uc6a9\uc774 \ud751\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc0ac\ub9dd \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uace0\ub418\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud751\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131\uc758 \uc790\uc0b4 \uc0ac\uace0\ub294 \ubc31\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131\uc758 \ub450 \ubc30\ub2e4 (Policy Center for Maternal Mental Health 2023). \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc5f0\uad6c\uac00 \uc815\uc2e0\uc758\ud559\uc774 \ud751\uc778 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc744 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubc1d\ud78c\ub2e4. \ud751\uc778 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\uc758 40% \uac00\uae4c\uc774\uac00 \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30 \uae30\ubd84, \ubd88\uc548 \uc7a5\uc560\ub97c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ubc31\uc778\uc758 \ub450 \ubc30\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7fc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uce58\ub8cc\ub97c \ubc1b\ub294 \ube44\uc728\uc740 \ub354 \ub0ae\ub2e4 (Keefe, Brownstein-\u00adEvans, and Polmanteer 2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uad00\ub828 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc774 \ud751\uc778 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc740 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc \uc5f0\uad6c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30 \uc2e0\uccb4 \uac74\uac15\uacfc \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc790\uc0b4\uacbd\ud5a5\uacfc \uc57d\ubb3c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc5d0 \uad6d\ud55c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294\ub370, \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \ud751\uc778 \uc5ec\uc131 \ubc0f \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uacfc\ub3c4\ud55c \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uace0 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2f0\ub098 D. \uac15-\uc774Christina D. Kang-\u00adYi\uc640 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 &#8220;\uc5f0\ub839, \uc778\uc885\/\ubbfc\uc871, \uc784\uc2e0 \uc804\/\uc911 \ub9cc\uc131 \uc9c8\ud658\uc744 \ud1b5\uc81c\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c \uacb0\uacfc \uc784\uc2e0 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc\uc801 \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub358 \uc5ec\uc131\ub4e4\uc740 \uc784\uc2e0 \ucd08\uae30 \ucd9c\ud608, \uc870\uae30 \uc0b0\ud1b5, \uc870\uae30 \ubd84\ub9cc \ub4f1 \uc784\uc2e0 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud588\ub2e4 (2018, 300). \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131\uc758 \uc784\uc2e0 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc744 \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0\ub294 \uc218\uc815 \uc804 \ucc98\uce58\uc640 \uc0b0\uc804 \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uc791\uc6a9\ud588\ub2e4. \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uac1c\uc120\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc870\uce58\ub85c\ub294 \uc678\uc0c1\ud6c4\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4\uc7a5\uc560 \ubc0f \ub2c8\ucf54\ud2f4 \uc758\uc874\uc99d \uce58\ub8cc, \uc2e0\uccb4 \ud65c\ub3d9 \uc99d\ub300, \uc2dd\ub2e8\u00b7\uc54c\ucf54\uc62c \uc12d\ucde8\u00b7\uc5ec\ud0c0 \uc704\ud5d8 \ud589\ub3d9 \uad50\uc815, \ub300\ud654 \uc694\ubc95\uc774\ub4e0 \uc57d\ubb3c \uad00\ub9ac\ub4e0 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \uce58\ub8cc \ub4f1\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubc18\ub300\ub3c4 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub2e4. \uc784\uc2e0 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\uc740 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce5c\ub2e4. \uc608\ucee8\ub300 \ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \ucd9c\ud608\uc774 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc744 \uc545\ud654\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud588\ub2e4 (Parry-\u00adSmith et al. 2021).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2020\ub144 3\uc6d4 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc774 \ubc1c\ubc1c\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uc81c\ud55c \uc870\uce58\uac00 \uc2dc\ud589\ub418\uc5b4 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc740 \uc804\uacfc\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0 \ub193\uc774\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc \uc804\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub85c \uc2dc\ud589\ub41c \ubd09\uc1c4 \uc870\uce58 \ud558\uc5d0\uc11c \uc564\ub4dc\ub958 \ucfe0\uc624\ubaa8 \ub274\uc695 \uc8fc\uc9c0\uc0ac\uac00 (\ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uacfc \uc7a5\ubcf4\uae30\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0\ub294) \ube44\ud544\uc218 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790\ub294 \uac00\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uba38\ubb3c\ub77c\ub294 \ud589\uc815\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b0 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \ub274\uc695\uc2dc\uc758 \ubcd1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc740 \ud55c\ub3d9\uc548 \uc784\uc2e0 \ud658\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc77c\uc778 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub9c9\uc558\ub2e4. \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\uac00 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub098 \ub458\ub77c\uc758 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ubcd1\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc740 \ud751\uc778 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc704\ud574\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc744 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30\u00b7\uc0b0\ud6c4\uae30 \uae30\ubd84\ubc0f\ubd88\uc548\uc7a5\uc560PMAD\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud558\uac8c \ud588\ub2e4. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc774 \u2015 \ud2b9\ud788 \uaca9\ub9ac \ubc0f \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uac70\ub9ac\ub450\uae30 \ud589\uc815\uba85\ub839\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uace0\ub9bd \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \u2015 \ubd88\uc548, \uc6b0\uc6b8, \uc218\uba74\uc7a5\uc560\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \ub4f1 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac85\uac04 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc545\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uba74\uc11c PMAD \ubc1c\ubcd1\uc728\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc84c\ub2e4(Raiff et al. 2022; Mandavilli 2021; Gammon 2020). \ud751\uc778 \ub458\ub77c\uc778 \ub8e8\ub098\ub294 &#8220;\uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud751\uc778 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub3c4 \uc758\ub8cc\uc0b0\uc5c5\ubcf5\ud569\uccb4\uc758 \uc190\uc5d0 \uc8fd\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4&#8221;\uba70 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc2e0\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc815\uc2e0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ud68c\ubcf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc0c1\ub2f4\uc0ac, \uc7ac\uc0dd\uc0b0 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \uc758\uc0ac, \ub458\ub77c, \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc639\ud638\ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\uc640\uc758 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\ub294 \uc774\ub7f0 \uc81c\ud55c\ub4e4\uc774 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uac00\ud55c \ud0c0\uaca9\uc744 \uc870\uba85\ud588\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc131\uc801 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131 \ube44\uc728\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ub370 \ub300\ud55c \uac10\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\ub77c\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\ud1a0\ucf5c\uc740 \uace0\ub824\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \ub274\uc695\uc774 \uc218 \ub144\uc9f8 \uc774\uc5b4 \uc624\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ubaa8\uc131 \uac74\uac15 \uccb4\uc81c\uc758 \uc778\uc885\uc801 \ubd88\ud3c9\ub4f1\uc744 \uc904\uc774\ub824\ub294 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \ud574 \uc654\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4, \ucfe0\uc624\ubaa8 \ud589\uc815\ubd80\ub294 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \ud751\uc778 \ubc0f \ud788\uc2a4\ud328\ub2c9 \uc608\ube44 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uac00\ud560 \ud0c0\uaca9\uc744 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc774 \uc788\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ucfe0\uc624\ubaa8 \ud589\uc815\ubd80\ub294 \ub274\uc695\uc8fc\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \ud751\uc778 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub300\ucc45\uc73c\ub85c \uba54\ub514\ucf00\uc774\ub4dc \ubcf4\uc7a5 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ub458\ub77c\uc5d0\uac8c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ud558\ub294 \ub458\ub77c&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_4');\">(\uacc4\uc18d)<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> \ub458\ub77c\uc640 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\uac00 \ud568\uaed8 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uacb0\uacfc\uac00 \ub098\uc544\uc9c4\ub2e4\ub294 \uacf5\uc911 \ubcf4\uac74 \uc0c1\uc2dd\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \ub458\ub77c, \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0, \ub2e4\ub978 \ube44\ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc591\uc721\uc790 \ub4f1\uc758 \ub3d9\ubc18\uc774 \uae08\uc9c0\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc758 \uce58\uba85\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ud611\uc5d0 \uacfc\ubd80\ud558\uac00 \uac78\ub9ac\uace0 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub294 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud640\ub85c \ubd84\ub9cc\ud574\uc57c \ud588\ub2e4.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\ubbf8\uad6d\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc\ud559\ud68cAmerican College of Obstetrics and Gynecology\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c(2018)\ub294 \ub458\ub77c\uac00 \ubd84\ub9cc \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ub2e8\ucd95\ud558\uace0 \uc9c4\ud1b5\uc81c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uacfc \uc218\uc220\uc801 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc744 \uc904\uc774\uba70 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4\ub97c&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_5');\">(\uacc4\uc18d)<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \uc591\uc131\ub960\uacfc \uc0c1\uad00 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud55c \uc8fc \ub3d9\uc548 \ud589\ud574\uc9c4 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \uae08\uc9c0\uac00 \ub0a8\uae34 \uc608\uae30\uce58 \ubabb\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub294 \uae08\uc9c0\uac00 \ud574\uc81c\ub418\uace0 \ud55c\ucc38\uc774 \uc9c0\ub09c \ud6c4\uc5d0\uc57c \uc2e4\uac10\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ucfe0\uc624\ubaa8\uac00 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8\ub85c \ubd09\uc1c4 \uba85\ub839\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b0 \ud6c4 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uad00\ub8cc\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uc81c\ud55c \uc870\uce58\ub4e4\uc740 \uc885\uc885 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\uac00 \uc790\uae30\ub3cc\ubd04\uc5d0 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ub9dd\uc774\ub098 \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ud588\ub2e4. \uac70\uc2a4 \ub9c8\uc694\ud480\ub85c\uc2a4Gus Mayopoulos\uc640 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4(2021)\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \uc591\uc131 \ud310\uc815\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \ud45c\ubcf8 \uc5ec\uc131\uc758 \uc57d 50%\uc5d0\uac8c\uc11c \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae09\uc131 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8 \uc99d\uc0c1\uc774 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud55c\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \ubc31\uc778\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \ub450 \ubc30 \uc774\uc0c1 \ub192\uc558\ub358 \ud751\uc778 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ud2b9\ud788 \uadf8\ub7ac\ub2e4 (Vasquez Reyes 2020). \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc5d0\uc758 \ub178\ucd9c\uc740 \uadf8\ub807\uc796\uc544\ub3c4 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \uc704\ud611\ud558\ub294 \uac16\uac00\uc9c0 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ub9c8\uc8fc\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc800\uc18c\ub4dd \uc784\uc2e0 \ud658\uc790\ub4e4, \ud2b9\ud788 \ud751\uc778 \ubc0f \ud788\uc2a4\ud328\ub2c9 \ud658\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \uac00\ud588\ub2e4. \ubd84\ub9cc \uc2dc \ud1b5\uc99d\uc774 \uc2ec\ud588\uc744 \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \uc591\uc131 \uc5ec\uc131\uc774 \ub0b3\uc740 \uc544\uae30\ub294 \uccb4\uc911\uc774 \uc801\uac8c \ub098\uac14\uace0 \ub9ce\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544 \uc9d1\uc911\uce58\ub8cc\uc2e4\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uace0\ub9bd \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub7f0 \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d\ub4e4\uc740 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\uc801\uc778 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ub192\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \uc720\ubcd1 \uc704\ud5d8\uacfc\ub3c4 \uc5f0\uad00\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uac10\uc5fc\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub3c4 \uc18c\uc704 \uc548\uc804 \uc870\uce58\uc5d0 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\uc758 \ud0c0\uaca9\uc744 \uc785\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubcf5\uc218\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\uac00 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 1\ucc28 \ud30c\ub3d9\uae30\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\ud55c \ubbf8\uad6d \uc5ec\uc131\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\ub97c \uacaa\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ucf30\uace0 \uc774\ub294 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\ud55c \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \ubc29\ubb38\uac1d\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098\ub294 \uc77c\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ub0b3\uc740 \uc544\uae30\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ubc29\uc744 \uc4f0\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \ubd88\ud5c8 \ub2f9\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub192\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \ubd88\uc548\uc744 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud588\ub2e4. \ucd08\uae30\uc758 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \ub0a8\uae34 \ud754\uc801\uc740 \uc624\ub298\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uac10\uc9c0\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub458\ub77c\uac00 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \uace0\uac1d\uc758 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc5d0 \ub3d9\ud589\ud560 \ub54c \uc99d\uba85\uc11c\ub97c \uc694\uad6c \ubc1b\uac70\ub098 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \ub54c \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uac70\ubd80\uac10\uc744 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc774\ub860\uac00 \uc774\ubc18 \uc77c\ub9ac\uce58Ivan Illich\ub294 \uc758\ub8cc \uccb4\uc81c\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uac74\uac15 \uc545\ud654\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ub17c\ud55c \ubc14 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc720\uad6c\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uac08\uc218\ub85d \ub098\ube60\uc9c0\ub294 \ud751\uc778 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960, \uc720\ubcd1\ub960\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 \ubd84\uba85\ud788 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub09c\ub2e4. \uc77c\ub9ac\uce58\ub294 &#8220;\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc758\uc6d0\uc99d\u91ab\u539f\u75c7\/iatrogenesis&#8221;([1974] 2000, 13)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub97c \uc4f0\uba74\uc11c \uc774\ub97c \uc9c4\ub2e8, \ucc98\uce58, \uacfc\uc2e4 \ub4f1 \uac01\uc885 \uc758\ub8cc \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc9c8\ubcd1, \ud569\ubcd1\uc99d, \uc5ec\ud0c0 \ubd80\uc791\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc77c\ub9ac\uce58\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \u3014\uc758\ub8cc \uccb4\uc81c\ub294\u3015 &#8220;\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4 \uc99d\uac00, \uc7a5\uc560\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\ub294disabling \uc758\uc874\uc758 \ubc30\uac00, \uace0\ud1b5\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc695\uad6c\uc758 \uc0dd\uc131, \ubd88\ud3b8\uc774\ub098 \ud1b5\uc99d\uc744 \uacac\ub514\ub294 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc800\ud558, \uc544\ud50c \ub54c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e1\uae30\ub294 \uc2b5\uad00\uc774 \ub4dc\ub294 \ub370 \ub530\ub978 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc758 \ucd95\uc18c, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4\ub294 \uc790\uae30\ub3cc\ubd04 \uad8c\ub9ac\uc758 \ubc15\ud0c8&#8221;\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb34\ub825\ud568debility\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b8\ub2e4 ([1974] 2000, 13). \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc758\uc6d0\uc99d\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd \uc99d\uac00\ub294 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc758 \uc704\ud611\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacf5\uc911 \ubcf4\uac74 \uc0c1\uc758 \ub300\uc751\uc774 \ud0dc\ub9cc\ud574 \ubcf4\uac74\uc758\ub8cc, \uc758\uc57d\ud488, \ub300\uc911\uad50\ud1b5, \uc8fc\uac70, \uace0\uc6a9 \uc811\uadfc\uc131\uc744 \uc800\ud558\uc2dc\ud0a8 \ub370 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4 (Thoma and Declercq 2022; Metz, Collier, and Hollier 2020).<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1591_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[6]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">\uad6d\ub9bd\uac74\uac15\ud1b5\uacc4\uc13c\ud130National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)\ub294 2019-2020\ub144\uac04 \ud569\uc911\uad6d \uc784\uc2e0 \uc5ec\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 18.4% \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud55c\ub2e4 (Thoma and Declercq 2022).<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1591_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> \ubcd1\uc758\uc6d0\uc740 \uc608\uc57d \uac04\uaca9\uc744 \ub744\uc6b0\uace0 \uc9c4\ucc30\uc740 \uc6d0\uaca9\uc758\ub8cc\ub85c\ub9cc \ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\ub00c\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub09c\ub370\uc5c6\uc774 \ube44\ub300\uba74 \uc9c4\ucc30\ub85c \ubc14\ub010 \uacb0\uacfc, \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uace0\ud608\ud569\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \ud608\uc555\uacc4\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud574 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc758\ub8cc \uc7a5\ube44\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud658\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc774 \ub204\ub77d\ub418\uac70\ub098 \ub2a6\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc758\ub8cc \uccb4\uc81c\uc5d0 \uacfc\ubd80\ud558\uac00 \uac78\ub824 \uc758\ub8cc\uc778\uc774 \ud658\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uae30\uc6b8\uc774\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc2dc\uae30 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uace0\ud1b5, \ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\uc131, \ub450\ub824\uc6c0\uc774 \uc120\uba85\ud588\ub2e4. \ub458\ub77c \uc2a4\ud14c\ud30c\ub2c8 \uc2dc\uc544\ubca0\ub098\ud1a0Stephanie Schiavenato\ub294 \u300c\ucd9c\uc0b0 \uac80\ud1a0Birthing under Investigation\u300d\ub77c\ub294 \uae00\uc5d0 \uc774\ub97c \uc4f4 \ubc14 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub140\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc720\uc0c9\uc778\uc778 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uace0\uac1d\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uc758 \uc704\ud611 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \uc591\uc131 \ud310\uc815\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ubd88\ud5c8 \ub2f9\ud55c \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 &#8220;\ud63c\uc790\uc11c \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub0b3\uc544\uc57c \ud588\uace0 \uc790\uae30 \uc544\uae30\uc5d0\uac8c \uc704\ud611\uc801\uc778 \uc874\uc7ac\ub85c \ucde8\uae09 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4&#8221; (Schiavenato 2020). \uac10\uc5fc\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ubc94\uc8c4\uc790\uac00 \ub41c \ub4ef\ud55c \uae30\ubd84\uc744 \ub290\uaf08\ub358 \uadf8 \uace0\uac1d\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uac10\uc625\uc5d0, \uc758\ub8cc\uc9c4\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\uc744 \uaca9\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \uac10\uc2dc\ud558\uba70 \uc544\uc774\uc640 \ub5bc\uc5b4 \ub193\ub294 \ucca0\ucc3d\uc5d0 \ube44\uc720\ud588\ub2e4. \uace0\uac1d\uc758 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \ub3d9\uc11d\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \ub458\ub77c \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\ub294 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \uc6b0\ud68c\ud574 \ube44\ub300\uba74 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud638\ud761, \uccb4\uc704 \ubcc0\uacbd, \uc790\uac00 \ub9c8\uc0ac\uc9c0 \ub4f1 \ud2cd\uc99d\uc644\ud654\ubc95\uc744 \uc54c\ub824\uc904 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ube0c\ub8e8\ud074\ub9b0 \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \ub458\ub77c \uc870\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c &#8220;\ud751\uc778, \ub77c\ud2f4\uacc4\uc758 \ubaa8\uc131\u00b7\uc601\uc544 \uc0ac\ub9dd\u00b7\uc774\ud658\uc744 \uc5c6\uc560\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud65c\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc815\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1&#8221;\uc778 \uace0\ub300\uc758\ub178\ub798Ancient Song\ub294 (Ancient Song Doula Services, n.d.) \uace0\uac1d\ub4e4\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \u2015 \ubb3c\ub860 \ub300\ud45c \uc0e4\ub12c \ud3ec\ub974\uc0e4-\uc54c\ubc84\ud2b8Chanel Porchia-\u00adAlbert\uc758 \ub9d0\ub300\ub85c \ub204\uad6c\uac00\uc5d0 \uadf8\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \u2015 \uc628\ub77c\uc778 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4 (Meyerson 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2020\ub144 4\uc6d4 20\uc77c, \uc639\ud638\uac00\ub4e4\uc758 \uc555\ubc15 \ub05d\uc5d0 \ucfe0\uc624\ubaa8\uac00 \uc218\uc11d\ubcf4\uc88c\uad00 \uba5c\ub9ac\uc0ac \ub370\ub85c\uc0acMelissa Deroa\uc640 \uc758\ub8cc\uc778, \uc0b0\ud30c, \uc639\ud638\uac00 \ub4f1 17\uba85\uc774 &#8220;\ucd9c\uc0b0\uc5d0 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub0ab\uace0 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uc120\ud0dd\uc9c0\ub97c \ud655\ubcf4&#8221;\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ubaa8\uc778 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ubaa8\uc131 \ud2b9\ubcc4 \uc704\uc6d0\ud68cCOVID-\u00ad19 Maternity Task Force\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\ub2e4 (Engel 2020). \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud640\ub85c \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub0b3\uac8c \ub41c\uc9c0 \ud55c \uc8fc \ud6c4, \uc784\uc2e0\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc744 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc639\ud638\ud558\ub294 \uc5ec\uc131 \uac74\uac15 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00, \uc804\ubb38 \uc870\uc0b0\uc0ac, \uc7a5\uc560 \uad8c\ub9ac \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc5f0\ub300\uccb4\uac00 \uc555\ubc15\uc744 \uac00\ud558\uc790 \ucfe0\uc624\ubaa8\uc758 \ud589\uc815\uba85\ub839\uc740 \uace7 \ubc88\ubcf5\ub418\uc5c8\uace0 \ubcd1\uc6d0 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uc644\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc784\uc2e0\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc778 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \ub3d9\ubc18\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud504\ub85c\ud1a0\ucf5c\uc774 \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \ucc98\uc74c\uc758 \uc81c\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ubbf8 \ud589\uc815 \uc0c1\uc758 \ud63c\ub780\uacfc \ucda9\ub3cc\uc774 \uc0dd\uae34 \ud130\uc600\ub2e4. \ub9ce\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcd1\uc6d0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc758 \uacfc\uc789\uc758\ub8cc\ud654, \ube44\uc778\uaca9\ud654 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uc778\uac04\uc801\uc774\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ucc28\ub2e8 \ub2f9\ud588\ub2e4. \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8\uc2dc\ub098\uc774\uc6e8\uc2a4\ud2b8\ubcd1\uc6d0Mount Sinai West, \ub274\uc695\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ubcd1\uc6d0New York Presbyterian \ub4f1 \uc0ac\uc124 \ubcd1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc790\uccb4 \uc9c0\uce68\uc744 \uace0\uc218\ud558\uace0 \uc784\uc2e0 \ud658\uc790 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d \ubd88\ud5c8\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud588\ub2e4 (Syckle and Caron 2020). \ubcd1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ud55c \uba85\ub9cc \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc62c \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud558\uc790 \ud658\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\uc640 \ub458\ub77c \uc911 \ud55c \uba85\uc744 \ud0dd\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ubd84\uba85 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc608\ube44 \uc591\uc721\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \uc18c\uc678\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc591\uc721\uacfc \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"refap\">\ub274\uc695\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0b4 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud55c \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc5b5\uc555\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uc2dc\ud589\ub41c \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uba74 \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uacfc \uacf5\uc911 \ubcf4\uac74 \ud589\uc815\uba85\ub839\uc774 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce5c \ud574\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc601\ud5a5\uacfc &#8220;\ubaa8\uc131 \ub3cc\ubd04\uc5d0 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uae30 \uc804\ubd80\ud130 \uc874\uc7ac\ud588\ub358 \uae4a\uc740 \ud30c\ud3b8\ud654, \ubd88\ud3c9\ub4f1, \uae30\ub2a5 \uc774\uc0c1&#8221;\uc774 (Davis-Floyd and Gutschow 2021, 1)\ub4dc\ub7ec\ub09c\ub2e4. \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ubc0f \ubaa8\uc131 \ub3cc\ubd04 \uccb4\uc81c\uc758 \uacb0\ud568\uc740 \uc804\ubd80\ud130<sup><a href=\"#refa\">a<\/a><\/sup> \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\ub098 \uc9c4\ub2e8 \uc774\ub825\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\uc640\ub294 \uc0c1\uad00 \uc5c6\uc774 \uace0\ud1b5\uacfc \uc7a5\uc560\ud654disablement\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\ub294 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758, \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \uc720\uad6c\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \uc5b5\uc555 \ud0d3\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc815\uce58\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud1b5\uce58 \ud615\uc2dd\uc758 \ud558\ub098\uc778 \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758\ub294 \ubaa8\uc131\u00b7\uc601\uc0ac \uc0ac\ub9dd\u00b7\uc774\ud658 \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc704\ud5d8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uac1c\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3cc\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uc0ac\uace0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc815\uc2e0 \uc9c8\ud658 \uac19\uc740 \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc774 \uacf5\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ud68c\uad6c\uc870\uc801 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uac1c\uc778, \uac00\uc871, \uc0ac\uc801 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ub294 \uad00\uacc4\ub4e4\uc758 \uc77c\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \ucde8\uc57d\ud55c \uc774\ub4e4, \uae30\uc874\uc5d0 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc0c1\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uacfc \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uae30 \uaddc\uc81c\uc801 \uac1c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc790\uc6d0\uc774\ub098 \uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc5c6\uc774, \ub300\ucc98\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ubc29\uce58\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uae30\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc790\uc2e0\uacfc \uc544\uc774\uc758 \uac74\uac15, \uc548\uc804\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uc804\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\uac00\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \uc774\ub370\uc62c\ub85c\uae30\uc801 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc5d0 \uc9d3\ub20c\ub9ac\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc758 \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc0dd\ud588\ub2e4. \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc804\ubd80\ud130\ub3c4 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc815\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uccd0 \uc628 \uc81c\uc57d\ub4e4\uacfc \uc528\ub984\ud588\ub2e4. \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\uc758 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uce58\ub8cc\uc758 \ubd80\uc871, PMAD \uc9c4\ub2e8\uac80\uc0ac\ub098 \uce58\ub8cc\uc758 \ubd80\uc7ac, \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30 \uc758\ub8cc, \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ube44\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc758\ub8cc\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ubcf4\uc7a5\uc131 \ubd80\uc871 \uac19\uc740 \uc81c\uc57d\ub4e4 \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4. \uc18c\ub4dd \ubd88\uc548\uc815, \ubaa8\uc131 \ud734\uac00 \ubd80\uc871, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uace0\ub9bd, \uc544\ub3d9 \ub3cc\ubd04 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \ubd80\uc871, \ubaa8\uc720 \uc218\uc720 \uace4\ub780\uc774\ub098 \ubd84\uc720 \ubd80\uc871 \ub4f1\uc744 \uacaa\uc740 \uc774\ub3c4 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4. \uc784\uc2e0\uacfc \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc774 \ubab8\uc5d0 \uac00\ud558\ub294 \ud638\ub974\ubaac \ubcc0\ud654\uc640 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc7a5\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\uae30\ub294 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc7a5\uc560 \uc5f0\uad6c \ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \uace0\ud1b5\uacfc \uc7a5\uc560\ud654\ub77c\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc694\uc18c \ub610\ud55c \uac15\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub0b4\uac00 \ub9cc\ub09c \uc5f0\uad6c \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ubd88\uc548, \uc6b0\uc6b8, \uc815\uc2e0\uc99d \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559\uc801 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub85c \ubb18\uc0ac\ud558\uae30\ub294 \ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc544\uc11c \ud074\ub77c\uc778\ub9ccArthur Kleinman(2012)\uc774 &#8220;\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uace0\ud1b5social suffering&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub974\ub294 \uac83 \ud639\uc740 \ud398\uc774 \uae34\uc2a4\ubc84\uc988Faye Ginsburg\uc640 \ub808\uc774\ub098 \ub7a9Rayna Rapp(2013)\uc774 \uc628\uc804\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c \ucc38\uc5ec\ub97c \uac00\ub85c\ub9c9\ub294 &#8220;\uc7a5\uc560\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc870\uac74\ub4e4disabling social conditions&#8221;\uc774\ub77c \uce6d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\ub4e4\uacfc \ud55c \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \uc804\uccb4\uc5d0 \uacf5\ud1b5\ub41c \uc8fc\uc81c\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc5d0 \uc7a5\uc560\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc870\uac74\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc751\ub2f5\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud68c\ubcf5\ud558\uace0 \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544\ub97c \u2015 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud640\ub85c \u2015 \ub3cc\ubcf4\ub294 \uc77c\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc2ac\ud514\uacfc \ubd84\ub178\ub97c \ud45c\ud604\ud588\ub2e4. \ub9ce\uc740 \uc591\uc721\uc790\uac00 \ud559\uad50\ub098 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \uad00\ub828 \uae30\uad00\uc774 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub358 \uc544\ub3d9 \ub3cc\ubd04\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uac00\uc871 \uac19\uc740 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774\ub098 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub358 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \uccb4\uacc4\uac00 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c4 \uac83\uc744 \uc2ac\ud37c \ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ub354\ud574, \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub294 \uac70\uc758 \ub3d5\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac00\uc0ac\uc640 \uc591\uc721\uc744 \uc800\uae00\ub9c1\ud558\ub4ef \ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc7ac\ud0dd \uadfc\ubb34\ub97c \ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294, \uc7a5\uc560\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0 \ubd84\ub178\ub97c \ud45c\ud55c \uc774\ub3c4 \ub9ce\uc558\ub530. \uc815\uc0c1\uc2e0\uccb4\uc911\uc2ec\uc8fc\uc758\uc801\uc778ableist \uc784\uae08 \ub178\ub3d9 \uc911\uc2dc\uac00 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uadf8\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uac00\ub2a5\uc131, \ud6a8\uc728\uc131, \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uce58\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uba74, \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uace0 \ud53c\uace4\ud558\uace0 \uba38\ub9ac\uac00 \uba4d\ud55c \ub4f1 \uc784\uc2e0 \uae30\uac04 \ubc0f \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc758 \uba74\uba74\uc740 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758\uac00 \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\ub294 \uc7a5\uc560\uc758 \uc18d\uc131\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4. &#8220;\uad81\uadf9\uc801 \uc790\uc720\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \ub178\ub3d9&#8221;(Taylor, 2004)\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub300\uc2e0 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uac00\ub2a5\ud574\uc9c4 \ud734\uc2dd\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc0ac\uce58\ub97c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud55c \uc77c\ubd80 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud574 \ubcf8 \uc801 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc99d\uc9c4\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc774 \ucc3e\uc740 \uc790\uc720\ub97c \ub204\ub838\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"refbp\">\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub274\uc695\uc5d0\uc11c \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819\uac00 \ud130\uc9c0\uae30 \ub450 \ub2ec \uc804\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 2020\ub144 1\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ub538\uc774 \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub09c \uac83\uc740 \ub098\ub85c\uc11c\ub294 \ubcf4\ud1b5 &#8220;\uc0ac\uc0bc\ubd84\uae30&#8221;\ub77c<sup><a href=\"#refb\">b<\/a><\/sup> \ubd88\ub9ac\ub294 \uc0bc \uac1c\uc6d4\uc758 \uc804\ud658\uae30\ub97c \ud6cc\uca4d \ub118\uae30\uba74\uc11c \ud68c\ubcf5\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud574\uc900 \ud589\uc6b4\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc774\ubc0d\uc774 \ub9c8\uce68, \uc0b0\ud6c4 \ub458\ub77c\uac00 \uc77c\uc744 \ub9c8\uce58\uc790 \ub9c8\uc790 \uc7ac\ud0dd \uaca9\ub9ac \uba85\ub839\uc774 \ub0b4\ub824\uc838 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\uac00 \uc2e4\uc5c5 \uae09\uc5ec\ub97c \ubc1b\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uc9d1\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\ub97c \ub3c4\uc640\uc904 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c\ub41c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4 (\ub098\ub294 \ubc18\ub18d\ub2f4\uc73c\ub85c \ud569\uc911\uad6c \uc0ac\uc0c1 \uac00\uc7a5 \uae34 \uc720\uae09 \ubd80\uc131 \ud734\uac00\ub77c \ub9d0\ud588\ub2e4). \uc774\uc5d0 \ub354\ud574 \uacbd\uae30 \ubd80\uc591 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uae08, \uc5f0\ubc29 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc758 \uc5ec\uc131\u00b7\uc601\uc544\ub3d9\ud2b9\ubcc4\uc601\uc591\ubcf4\uc870\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children(WIC), \ub0b4\uac00 \uc18c\uc18d\ub41c \ub300\ud559\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ub3d9\ub8cc \uc9c0\uc9c0 \ubaa8\uc784\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uc0c1\ud638 \ubd80\uc870\ub3c4 \uac13\ub09c\uc544\uae30\ub97c \ub3cc\ubcf4\uace0 \uc784\uc2e0 \uc911\uc5d0 \uacaa\uc740 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc704\uae30\uc758 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\uc5d0\uc11c \ud68c\ubcf5\ud558\ub294 \uc804\uc77c\uc81c \uc77c\uc5d0 \ub354\ud574 \uc6d0\uaca9 \uadfc\ubb34 \uc77c\uc790\ub9ac\ub97c \uad6c\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uac15\ubc15\uc5d0 \uc800\ud56d\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uc784\uc2e0 \uc911\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc\uc801 \uc7a5\uc560\ub97c \uac16\uace0 \uc0b4\uc544 \uac00\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0\uac8c \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758 \ub178\ub3d9 \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \ube60\uc838\ub098\uc624\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc7a5\uc810\uc774 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774\ub2e4. \uc784\uc2e0 \uc911\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub178\ub3d9\uc744 \uac00\uce58 \uc788\uac8c \uc5ec\uae30\ub294 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\ub294 \uc2dc\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758, \uc2e0\uc790\uc720\uc8fc\uc758 \ub17c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc800\ud56d\ud558\uae30\ub97c \uc694\ud55c\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc740 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ubc14\ud034\uac00 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c \ub2a6\ucd94\uace0 \uc11c\uc11c\ud788 \uba48\ucd9c \ub54c \uc0b6, \ucd9c\uc0b0, \ub3cc\ubd04\uc774 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub428\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\ub2e4. <strong>\uc815\uc2e0 \uc7a5\uc560\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758 \ub178\ub3d9 \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\ub824 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubc88\ucc3d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83: \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uac74\uac15\ud55c \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \ud5a5\ud55c \uae38<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc740 \uc804\ub840 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud558\uae30\ub294 \ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud569\uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ucd5c\uc545\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \ubaa8\uc131 \ub3cc\ubd04, \ubaa8\uc131 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ub3cc\ubd04\uc758 \uc218\uc900\uc744 \uac1c\uc120\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 &#8220;\uc774\ud6c4&#8221;\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\uc5d0 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uac00\uc838 \uac00\uc57c \ud560 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uad50\ud6c8\uc744 \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc758 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ub798 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc758\uc2dd \uace0\uc591\uc744 \uc774\ub04c\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\uc640 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ub098\ub208 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 &#8220;\uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \uc5c6\uc774\ub294 \uac74\uac15\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub2e4&#8221;\ub294 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud55c \ub9d0\uc774 \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc633\uc740 \ub9d0\uc784\uc744 \uc99d\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \ucd08\uae30\uc758 \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c0\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc740 \uace0\ub3c5 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc774 \ud658\uc790\uad8c, \uc778\uad8c\uc744 \uce68\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc778\ub3c4\uc801\uc778 \uc77c\uc784\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc591\uc721\uc790\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc228\ub9c9\ud788\ub294 \uc640\uc911\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uc0dd\uc544\uc758 \ubaa9\uc228\ub3c4 \uc9c0\ucf1c\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc0b0\uae30\uc5d0 \uace0\ub9bd\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub300\uac1c \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc77c\uc744 \uc694\uad6c \ubc1b\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc704\uae30 \ub300\uc751 \uacf5\uc911 \ubcf4\uac74 \uc815\ucc45 \uc785\uc548 \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub294 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc2dd\uacac \uc788\ub294 \ubcf4\uac74\uc758\ub8cc \uc804\ubb38\uac00, \ud544\uc218 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790, \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc99d\uac70\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud55c \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub824\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ub514\uc9c0\ud138 \uae30\uc220\uc774 \uace0\ub9bd \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub9cc\ubcd1 \ud1b5\uce58\uc57d\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud798\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud130\ub137\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ub418\ub294 \uc784\uc2e0 \uc911\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4 \uc9c0\uc6d0, \uc815\uc2e0 \uac74\uac15 \ub3cc\ubd04 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc774\uc6a9\uc5d0\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\uac00 \uc0dd\uae34\ub2e4. \uc778\ud130\ub137\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc218\uce58\ub294 \uc2dc\uae09\ud788 \ub514\uc9c0\ud138 \uaca9\ucc28\ub97c \ud574\uc18c\ud558\uace0 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ubd80\uc871\uc5d0 \uc2dc\ub2ec\ub9ac\ub294 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc778\ud130\ub137\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ub354\ud574, \uc778\ud130\ub137\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uace0 \uc6d0\uaca9 \uadfc\ubb34\ub97c \ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \uace0\uc6a9\uc8fc\uac00 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uce68\ub7b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c, \uc628\uc885\uc77c\uc774 \uc7ac\ud0dd\uadfc\ubb34\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \uc721\uc544\ub098 \uac00\uc0ac, \ud734\uc2dd, \uc790\uae30 \ub3cc\ubd04\uc744 \ubc29\ud574\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uacbd\uacc4\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud751\uc778 \uc7a5\uc560\ud559\uc790 \uc0ac\ubbf8 \uc1fc\ud06cSami Schalk(2018)\ub294 \uc625\ud0c0\ube44\uc544 \ubc84\ud2c0\ub7ec\uc758 \u300e\uc528\uc557\uc744 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc6b0\ud654\u300f\uc5d0 \uae30\ub300\uc5b4 \uae30\uc220\uc774 \uc7a5\uc560 \uc5c6\ub294 \ubbf8\ub798\ub97c \uac00\uc838\ub2e4 \uc904 \uac70\ub77c\ub294 \uc815\uc0c1\uc2e0\uccb4\uc911\uc2ec\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uac00\uc815\uc5d0 \uc800\ud56d\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud751\uc778 \uc7a5\uc560\uc778\uc774 \uc0dd\uc874\ud558\uace0 \ubc88\ucc3d\ud560 \uc804\ub9dd \uc5c6\uc774\ub294, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ub05d\ub0b4 \uc9c0\uae08 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc695\uad6c\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc751\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uae30\uc220\ub4e4\uc744 \uc7ac\uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\uac8c \ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc568\ub9ac\uc2a8 \ucf00\uc774\ud37c\uac00 \uc54c\ub824\uc8fc\ub4ef, &#8220;\uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud558\ub294 \ubbf8\ub798\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc740 \ud604\uc7ac\uc758 \ud3b8\uacac\ub4e4\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub978 \ubbf8\ub798\ub4e4, \uc2dc\uac04\uc131\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc740 \ubd84\uba85 \uc9c0\uae08\uc744 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ubcf4\uace0 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4&#8221; (2013, 23). \ubc84\ud2c0\ub7ec\uac00 1993\ub144\uc5d0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud55c, 2020\ub144\ub300\ub97c \ubc30\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uc774 \uc608\uc5b8\uc801\uc778 \ub514\uc2a4\ud1a0\ud53c\uc544 \uc18c\uc124\uc740 \uc12c\ucc1f\ud558\uac8c\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uae08 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uce58\uc801 \ud604\uc2e4\uacfc \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub85c\ub098\ubc14\uc774\ub7ec\uc2a4 \ud329\ub370\ubbf9 \uc911\uc5d0 \ubaa9\ub3c4\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc545\ud654\ub294 \uc218 \ub144\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\ub3c4\ub85d \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud63c\ub3c8\uc758 \uc528\uc557\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc2ec\ub780\ud55c \uc9c0\uae08 \uc2dc\uc808\uc744 \uac70\uc6b8\ucc98\ub7fc \ube44\ucd94\ub294 \ubc84\ud2c0\ub7ec\uc758 \uc0c1\uc0c1\uc740 \uc808\ub9dd\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub140\uc758 \uc774 \uc544\ud504\ub85c\ubbf8\ub798\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uc791\ud488\uc740 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ud751\uc778 \uce90\ub9ad\ud130\ub97c \uc8fd\uc5ec \ub300\ub294 SF \uc7a5\ub974 \uc791\ud488\ub4e4\uacfc\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ud751\uc778\uc774 \uc0dd\uc874\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ud76c\ub9dd\uc744 \uc900\ub2e4. \uc5ed\uacbd \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc744 \uc5c6\uc560 \ubc84\ub9ac\ub294 \ub300\uc2e0 \ubc84\ud2c0\ub7ec\ub294 \ud751\uc778\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc790\uae30\ub124 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub97c \uc138\uc6b0\uace0 \uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\ub9cc\uc758 \uc9c0\uad6c\uc885Earthseeds, \uc7ac\ub09c\uc744 \uc0b4\uc544 \ub0b4\uace0 \ubbf8\ub798\ub97c \ubcbc\ub9ac\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ucca0\ud559\ub4e4\uc744 \uc2ec\uc744\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"refa\">a. re-existing\uc744 pre-existing\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uccd0 \uc77d\uc74c. <a href=\"#refap\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"refb\">b. the fourth trimester. \uc784\uc2e0\uc744 \uc0bc \uac1c\uc6d4\uc529 \uc0bc \ubd84\uae30\ub85c \ub098\ub204\ub294 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\uc0b0 \uc9c1\ud6c4\uc758 \uc0bc \uac1c\uc6d4\uc744 \uac00\ub9ac\ud0a4\ub294 \ub9d0. <a href=\"#refbp\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group biblio\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p>Addo, Isaac Yeboah. 2020. \u201cDouble Pandemic: Racial Discrimination amid Coronavirus Disease 2019.\u201d <em>Social Sciences &amp; Humanities Open<\/em> 2 (1): 100074.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG). 2018. \u201cScreening for Perinatal Depression.\u201d www\u200b.\u00adacog\u200b.\u00adorg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancient Song Doula Services. n.d. \u201cAbout Ancient Song.\u201d Accessed April 24, 2024. www\u200b.\u00adancientsongdoulaservices\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Barnes, Diana Lynn. 2015. \u201cThe Psychological Gestation of Motherhood.\u201d In <em>Women\u2019s Reproductive Mental Health across the Lifespan<\/em>, edited by Diana Lynn Barnes, 75\u20131. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Butler, Octavia. 1993. <em>Parable of the Sower<\/em>. New York: Four Walls Eight Windows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Centers for Disease Control. 2022. \u201cFour in 5 Pregnancy-\u00adRelated Deaths in the U.S. Are Preventable.\u201d Press release. September 19, 2022. www\u200b.c\u00ad dc\u200b.\u00adgov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Davis-\u00adFloyd, Robbie, and Kim Gutschow. 2021. \u201cEditorial: The Global Impacts of COVID-\u00ad19 on Maternity Care Practices and Childbearing Experiences.\u201d <em>Frontiers in Sociology<\/em> 6:721782.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Engel, Currie. 2020. \u201cChildbirth during a Pandemic: New York State Launches a Plan.\u201d NY City Lens, April 30, 2020. http:\u200b\/\/\u00adnycitylens\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fund for Public Health NYC. 2023. \u201cBlack Maternal Health in NYC: A Discussion and Call to Action.\u201d July 26, 2023. https:\u200b\/\/\u00adfphnyc\u200b.\u00adorg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gammon, Katharine. 2020. \u201cThe Psychic Toll of a Pandemic Pregnancy.\u201d New York Times, December 14, 2020. www\u200b.\u00adnytimes\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ginsburg, Faye, and Rayna Rapp. 2013. \u201cDisability Worlds.\u201d Annual Review of Anthropology 42:53\u2013\u00ad68.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>hooks, bell, and Beverly Guy-\u00adSheftall. 2015. \u201cMapping Desire: Archaeologies of Change.\u201d <em>New School<\/em>, October 11, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Illich, Ivan. (1974) 2000. <em>Limits to Medicine: Medical Nemesis, the Expropriation of Health<\/em>. London: Marion Boyars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jolly, Jallicia A. 2021. \u201cI Survived Childbirth during Three Pandemics\u2014\u00adCOVID, Racism, Black Maternal Health Crisis.\u201d <em>USA Today<\/em>, May 27, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jones, Janine M. 2021. \u201cThe Dual Pandemics of COVID-\u00ad19 and Systemic Racism: Navigating Our Path Forward.\u201d <em>School Psychology<\/em> 36 (5): 427\u2013\u00ad31.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kafer, Alison. 2013. <em>Feminist, Queer, Crip<\/em>. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kang-\u00adYi, Christina D., Sara L. Kornfield, C. Neill Epperson, and David S. Mandell. \u201cRelationship between Pregnancy Complications and Psychiatric Disorders and Their Treatment: A Population-\u00adBased Matched-\u00adControlled Group Comparison.\u201d <em>Psychiatric Services<\/em> 69 (3): 300\u2013\u00ad307.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Katz, Sarah, and Dominic Bradley. 2020. \u201cSandra Bland, Eric Garner, Freddie Gray: The Toll of Police Violence on Disabled Americans.\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>, June 9, 2020. www\u200b.\u00adtheguardian\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keefe, Robert H., Carol Brownstein-\u00adEvans, and Rebecca S. Rouland Polmanteer. \u201cHaving Our Say: African-\u00adAmerican and Latina Mothers Provide Recommendations to Health and Mental Health Providers Working with New Mothers Living with Postpartum Depression.\u201d <em>Social Work in Mental Health<\/em> 14 (5): 497\u2013\u00ad508.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kleinman, Arthur. 2012. \u201cMedical Anthropology and Mental Health: Five Questions for the Next Fifty Years.\u201d In <em>Medical Anthropology at the Intersections: Histories, Activisms, and Futures<\/em>, edited by Marcia C. Inhorn and Emily A. Wentzell, 116\u2013\u00ad28. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mandavilli, Apoorva. 2021. \u201cMore Pregnant Women Died and Stillbirths Increased Steeply during the Pandemic, Studies Show.\u201d <em>New York Times<\/em>, March 31, 2021. www\u200b.\u00adnytimes\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mayopoulos, Gus A., Tsachi Ein-\u00adDor, Kevin G. Li, Sabrina J. Chan, and Sharon Dekel. \u201cCOVID-\u00ad19 Positivity Associated with Traumatic Stress Response to Childbirth and No Visitors and Infant Separation in the Hospital.\u201d Scientific Reports 11 (1): 13535.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mbonde, Nadia. 2021. \u201cVisions of Black Futurity amidst the Double Pandemic of COVID-\u00ad19 and Police Brutality.\u201d <em>Somatosphere<\/em>, May 11, 2021. https:\u200b\/\/\u00adaomatosphere\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Metz, Torri D., Charlene Collier, and Lisa M. Hollier. 2020. \u201cMaternal Mortality from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-\u00ad19) in the United States.\u201d <em>Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology<\/em> 136 (2): 313\u2013\u00ad16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meyerson, Collier. 2020. \u201cDoulas Are Going Virtual.\u201d Intelligencer, April 12, 2020. https:\u200b\/\/\u00adnymag\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nau, Melissa L., and Alissa M. Peterson. 2015. \u201cChronic Mental Illness in Pregnancy and Postpartum.\u201d In <em>Women\u2019s Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan<\/em>, edited by Diana Lynn Barnes, 123\u2013\u00ad58. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>New York State Department of Health. 2019. \u201cNew York State Doula Pilot Program.\u201d November 28, 2022. www\u200b.\u00adhealth\u200b.\u00adny\u200b.\u00adgov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Noah, Trevor. 2020. \u201cGeorge Floyd, Minneapolis Protests, Ahmaud Arbery &amp; Amy Cooper.\u201d <em>The Daily Social Distancing Show with Trevor Noah<\/em>. YouTube, May 29, www\u200b.\u00adyoutube\u200b.\u00adcom\u200b\/\u00adwatch\u200b?\u00adv\u200b=\u00adv4amCfVbA\u200b_\u00adc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NYC Health and Mental Hygiene, Bureau of Maternal, Infant Reproductive Health. \u201cPregnancy-\u00adAssociated Mortality: New York City, 2006\u2013\u00ad2010.\u201d New York City website. https:\u200b\/\/\u00adwww1\u200b.\u00adnyc\u200b.\u00adgov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oparah, Julia Chinyere, Jennifer E. James, Destany Barnett, Linda Marie Jones, Daphina Melbourne, Sayida Peprah, and Jessica A. Walker. 2021. \u201cCreativity, Resilience and Resistance: Black Birthworkers\u2019 Responses to the COVID-\u00ad19 Pandemic.\u201d <em>Frontiers in Sociology<\/em> 6 (636029): 1\u2013\u00ad10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parry-\u00adSmith, William, Kelvin Okoth, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Krishna Margadhamane Gokhale, Joht Singh Chandan, Clara Humpston, Arri Coomarasamy, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, and Dana \u0160umilo. 2021. \u201cPostpartum Haemorrhage and Risk of Mental Ill Health: A Population-\u00adBased Longitudinal Study Using Linked Primary and Secondary Care Databases.\u201d <em>Journal of Psychiatric Research<\/em> 137:419\u2013\u00ad25.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Policy Center for Maternal Mental Health. 2023. \u201cIssue Brief: Maternal Suicide in the U.S.: Opportunities for Improved Data Collection and Health Care System Change.\u201d September 13, 2023. www\u200b.\u00ad2020mom\u200b.\u00adorg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Puryear, Lucy J. 2015. \u201cPostpartum Adjustment: What Is Normal and What Is Not.\u201d In <em>Women\u2019s Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan<\/em>, edited by Diana Lynn Barnes, 109\u2013\u00ad22. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Raiff, Elizabeth M., Kristina M. D\u2019Antonio, Christine Mai, and Catherine Monk. 2022. \u201cMental Health in Obstetric Patients and Providers During the COVID-\u00ad19 Pandemic.\u201d <em>Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology<\/em> 65 (1): 203\u2013\u00ad15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Saqib, Kiran, Afaf Saqib Qureshi, and Zahid Ahmad Butt. 2023. \u201cCOVID-\u00ad19, Mental Health, and Chronic Illnesses: A Syndemic Perspective.\u201d <em>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health<\/em> 20 (4): 3262.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Schalk, Sami. 2018. <em>Bodyminds Reimagined: (Dis)Ability, Race, and Gender in Black Women\u2019s Speculative Fiction<\/em>. Durham, NC: Duke University Press Books.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Schiavenato, Stephanie. 2020. \u201cBirthing under Investigation.\u201d <em>Society for Cultural Anthropology<\/em>, May 1, 2020. https:\u200b\/\/\u00adculanth\u200b.\u00adorg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Syckle, Katie Van, and Christina Caron. 2020. \u201cWomen Will Not Be Forced to Be Alone When They Are Giving Birth.\u201d <em>New York Times<\/em>, March 28, 2020. www\u200b.\u00adnytimes\u200b.\u00adcom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taylor, Sunaura. 2004. \u201cThe Right Not to Work: Power and Disability.\u201d <em>Monthly Review<\/em>, March 1, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thoma, Marie E., and Eugene R. Declercq. 2022. \u201cAll-\u00adCause Maternal Mortality in the US before vs during the COVID-\u00ad19 Pandemic.\u201d <em>JAMA Network Open<\/em> 5 (6): 1\u2013\u00ad4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vasquez Reyes, Maritza. 2020. \u201cThe Disproportional Impact of COVID-\u00ad19 on African Americans.\u201d <em>Health and Human Rights<\/em> 22 (2): 299\u2013\u00ad307.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1591_1();\">\uc8fc<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1591_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_1591_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_1591_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">\uc8fc<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1591_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\uc70c\ub85c\ub97c \ube44\ub86f\ud574 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uac00\uba85\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc2dd\ubcc4 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc815\ubcf4\ub3c4 \uc228\uacbc\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ubc1c\ucdcc\ubb38\uc740 Mobonde 2021\ub85c \ucc98\uc74c \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1591_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\uc774 \uac00\uba85\uc740 \u300e\uc528\uc557\uc744 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc6b0\ud654\u300f\uc758 \uc8fc\uc778\uacf5 \ub85c\ub80c \uc62c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c \ub530\uc628 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1591_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc790postpartum interlocutors\ub97c \uc601\uc720\uc544\uc758 \uc591\uc721\uc790parents\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 &#8220;\uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8&#8221; \ub300\uc2e0 \ud639\uc740 \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub354\ud574 &#8220;\uc784\uc2e0 \uc911\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc0b0\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c&#8221;, &#8220;\ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790birthing people&#8221;, &#8220;\uc591\uc721\uc790&#8221; \ub4f1\uc758 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub97c \uc4f4\ub2e4. \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc804\ubd80 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\ub098 \uc5ec\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\uccb4\ud654\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70 \uadf8\uc911\uc5d0\ub294 \ub17c\ubc14\uc774\ub108\ub9ac\ub098 \ud2b8\ub79c\uc2a4\ub0a8\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc131\ubcc4 \ud3ec\uad04\uc801\uc778 \uc6a9\uc5b4\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \uc5f0\uad6c\uc758 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc640 \uc81c\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud1b5\uacc4, \uc784\uc0c1 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc5b8\uae09\ud560 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 &#8220;\uc5ec\uc131&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 &#8220;\uc5ec\uc131&#8221;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub97c \uc4f4\ub2e4. \ud574\ub2f9 \uc790\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\ubcc4 \uc815\uccb4\uc131\uacfc \uc0c1\uad00 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ub300\ubcc0\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub294 \ud655\uc778\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1591_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc774 \uc788\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ucfe0\uc624\ubaa8 \ud589\uc815\ubd80\ub294 \ub274\uc695\uc8fc\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \ud751\uc778 \ubaa8\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub300\ucc45\uc73c\ub85c \uba54\ub514\ucf00\uc774\ub4dc \ubcf4\uc7a5 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ub458\ub77c\uc5d0\uac8c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ud558\ub294 \ub458\ub77c \uc2dc\ubc94 \uc0ac\uc5c4\uc744 \ucd94\uc9c4\ud588\ub2e4 (New York State Department of Health 2019).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1591_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_5');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\ubbf8\uad6d\uc0b0\ubd80\uc778\uacfc\ud559\ud68cAmerican College of Obstetrics and Gynecology\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c(2018)\ub294 \ub458\ub77c\uac00 \ubd84\ub9cc \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ub2e8\ucd95\ud558\uace0 \uc9c4\ud1b5\uc81c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uacfc \uc218\uc220\uc801 \ubd84\ub9cc\uc744 \uc904\uc774\uba70 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4\ub97c \uc644\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \ubd84\ub9cc \uacbd\ud5d8 \ub9cc\uc871\ub3c4\ub97c \ub192\uc784\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uac1c\uc120\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \ub458\ub77c\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \uc885\uc885 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc774 \ubd88\ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc758\ub8cc\uc801 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \uc5c6\uc560\uace0 \ucd9c\uc0b0\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c\ub97c \uc639\ud638\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc90c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud798\uc744 \ubd88\uc5b4\ub123\uc5b4\uc900 \ub355\uc744 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1591_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1591_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1591_1_6');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">\uad6d\ub9bd\uac74\uac15\ud1b5\uacc4\uc13c\ud130National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)\ub294 2019-2020\ub144\uac04 \ud569\uc911\uad6d \uc784\uc2e0 \uc5ec\uc131 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 18.4% \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud55c\ub2e4 (Thoma and Declercq 2022).<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_1591_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_1591_1').show(); 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